Mhimbira Enterprises Ltd vs Tanzanian Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Agriculture (DC Civil Appeal Number 13 of 1998) [1999] TZHC 334 (29 June 1999)

.. ;.. ... -- .. IN THE HIGH COURT . .-.OF T:-mz:1NiiL .,! ('bdj ·. CIVIL 1.PPE1\L NUMBER 13 OF. 1998: ,:(From the ·;de cisiori -} 'the Dis;lct· Curt of 1Vl1~~Y~- Dis~rict __ cl,t ·l'L!bcya in-· CiV!l.1'.·: :- .. Ca'3e dfo.•"i36 of 1996) .: -: .: ...... ~--' . MHIMBIRil INTERPRISES LTD • ." ••••••••. ,. ~ ~ · .. f.PJ?BlbLirNT . . \ f. . . - . · .. ·,:.·· .• ...... ' VERSUS ·J .,-:,.:, • tf. ··•· .✓: ... j -.:· ·: ·.' ,::. • : •• • ••• ;, T.ANZ,ANLl ·cH.Ar!I'.BER ·oF CONDVfBRGE .,INDUSTY XND .i:~GRICULTURE •• · . ~ •• : •• t',•·•.•··-- •••·•• ·•·· •. · ••• 'RESPONDENT • r' i ;·. 'r' .. _, •: • , ::-·, • " :, . ~ .. ; .' . : . . . ~ . -:; • ....., .

• .. I;,, '.c:·J;'u n>c;·· E' fa Eii'°T . . ,. ..... ; ... ·-- .•... The appe_llant ..rlli,imbira .. En;terpri se,:s:,;aS .::re.pre'se·nte'd by the . -: . . : ..... ~ :: ... ;-· . ' . . . . a- . . . appeJ:lq1J.t __ against the respondent Tanzifrua Chamber of Commerce, • ••' <:. •• • •• • "",} . . Industry .. and Jigri·culture, 1'/ibeya Bratfoh. The·. respondent is :.f:, ?.~·•: :.:-.) : .. , . . . -. •' ' a_re ... that desnit ,there·. being suffici'a:n:t .. avidence -:.vi.-:fhunc. tho· .:ciltima .• :.-::;.:- ..-.. • ;..•- _ . .,, ·-- ••• - •• ••• • u. . ..· :••: : : . . ~-: -: . .- .. ~ ;· .: : . . ~.: ... , .. ,·:;;;/,~f __ ?.:ho. a:ppell,a:nt· thc'-trial court ·erronously: decided to the cont:»ary. ·.-., .... •,·- :-:· :. '.-• . .. . ·, ~ . . . -. ;.: -·-·. . ·. _ .. : .. - .. : · .. '. I. h?,S ).I9 b~,e.n ;q:op;!t;ended that' the:. as's(ssmeri.t of .. the re cord was •; ,- ••• - .• -.. • "'. ,·., ••• •• .: : ......... •"!_ • of the iE?SUe framed·:::,i.ii;e,re· ri6t ·adeqiiaticly deal th wi. th 1.n th8 ,,. . . -· . . . ..! ••. The S:1,ll '\i ~s :·fi-led allegedl"y:n.::sc-<i' on:·an agreement which was •• , 1- r: . ·. ;• _;,, I '- ' '

l)artly oral, written nd basecf .fn. conduct of the parties. for the .. " .. .. . . .. .., ... . ·: supply of 15oo·'tons of white -maize a"j; i:ihs.l,.3,59,0/==:per 100 kgs bag9' ,__,,) :- < ·, • • -. -:- •• -.;-·-r __ :;-. ; . . . , ,· • 'i•, ·:, :1 It meant that 'f'i.th 1_590 tons the:: apije1iant ··itrldetook to supply 150;000 bags of 100 ¥:g~ @ of ·Miite. 1ai ze, Th sme contract was entered .qnt . ..>28·---96 demand±~ ;-en:e· ·maize to ib~- spplied by 15/3/96. due'.'t·o a breach The appellant alleged that of the_ agreement while the appellant .. " I . . . ·: ... ·- . . . . ·t .. ' . ,· . .. . . .. ... : . had alrea,Y: l.4PJ-μd.° :25 .• 9 .. t.ons, £,wt.ti t5· maize n· 26/3/96 · he appellant suffered a loss of shs'.3,496.,000/= f ·_':··' expected to be paid under deli very note No.02600 11 nd Goods rec.ei ved note No.031, There was also a claim of shs4'4, 503, 500/= no:c:Lnal dafifage· o"i ¾" valμ.e ,of tp.e, $Upp,μ.?d25.•9:Tons<maizc/ supplf'a t,; the res1Jondent . ' . . Th. respon?:e:nt, q,enie.d to"' have·· -bi-e16hed ·any Writ.te"n agrci;;~~nt -,·' ,• . and that no ,?ra.,l, agreement .:repud.i aing ·or vayi.ng - -'fhe wri tton · agreement.,wp.icll:,·trmih:Jted· the.- contr~.ct to supp.lY the maize '15000 .· . . . ~ . Tons by 15/3/96 and that the g99ds. re ceiv.ed on· 26j3j596<vvure -mc:rely <.:; ~ • , • . • .. -I' .. . .. ak...11.owledged _ for safe custody., /I1he 1 • :CSJ)onde:rit fu±the·r ·· counter claimed .' .. ; . . ·-.··.:.·:. ·, : : .. , -· .. , ,._ ........... malicious, and _def·amaton alleg:atip11s _9,11,d imputati·cm published- by ' the a1)pellant to Mr Robert Hayward _o.f:1b.la,_wi ,Christian· Council that .. . ' , ' - . . : . '• . . the respondent hacl rniEia:ppropr.i.at.d aId-misll'la!lage.d' the-'.funds of the Christian Aid as a thief o::r;- .. u.r:i.r½l.ffwo;thy p.erson.-. · • , • • .. ; ·. ,.1 . ( . ' •'"' . . ' . The trial court by the ,.learnd., LJJ:; •. ;a9;ngqJ_e .·-{RM} ·dismissed . . . . . . . ·- : .. -· . -·•' . . · .. ,. .... ' .. - both the entire claims of the 'plaintiff/app~llant as well as the

• • j .. ~ •• ~ .. . ·.· ;,· ' .

• 1·•· ..... ·;;--~-f .: --s' : ____ ; ;\ . ,. - :.>.:;.·,- ·J -i .. i;.' '• ~ .... ~ " . ::- ,: ·::·. ·.'•; ., .... ,. . . - entire ... air ·c.lai.m .... o:r the .. ae.:rncian/re-iS&nc1e'tl1t_.w± todt ·a;;;..-, ;de.r " .. . . 4 '• ·,l,.'• I • f, of costs tot· e'j,. the_r ·p?,rty •. · On .. the part of the plraint:if:f's slai.ms -he . ri.=J ~~~t- -m{;se:«:'.:th .. :.~~-t,,;ba6:d.:.inl.y on. the pretli..s_e .. that · ;,.:- ,. , · "> .. . : ·, :: ·'i.- < .< : . 'to··:·:be ·_ oliad ·,wi.th-.- the .- the e ssenQe of. the . Wri ttcn. cohi,act .,.v-tas . . ·. de'a-d. J;imi t of 15/3/96, and . 9 .: ·':-·:a,·:·.,··'.·::·/..::,.- ... ;- :· ::.' .. .,.:· . .-_ the amountsdead limit .. of 15oci--fw:is. of .•. whi.te m.ze·· at a pric of· •• •'• :..:!. • .... ' ,. :•, ,i'• .. I •• ,., • ' • • ,; : I-• • ~ by the · plaintiff',· ··. . .• . •. - • '· • • '.. . • ·•!· . •• . . - : . • '_ . . of --225 tons~ ·of· wru. te· mai~ !ii -be-tweieri. 16th :Mai!ch; l99i ·and· 25tli -} .· :. ·).'' ·:· .. :·-- -- •..... •;, - March 1 1996 ·.acce,pted .-and 'paid for -by the, defendant/respondent wa~ . . ... . . . ' . . . . . . . a different inv:i. taticih- to. ;t;;reat for· the genei-al- public· for othe?' bona fide sup_p;J..iers t_o spply-th;:iiefitonhge o:f-maiz~ .. ye:(;:•·. • . . . - . • . : '-:· f.·: .i ··:::·-·(· .... ! • • . ' . . • ' . ,; - .,. • ~ : unsupplied by ·the appellant within the time period f. the ~iten: • • : •, ' ; • •. • • •;!: ":•·,.,.. - ) ; • • r '; • ' • ' • • ~ - • .. •;. I • :. ... • eontract PY .l.5th March; 199'• wru, ch again expir'.ed--on:-25/3/96 ae itA t. • . : . ,• ·: ; . . • • . • . r.dea ll.ne:: whex:l:l~ the appelant supplied the---25.9'. t_0ns of:mai.ze<the., : . ~ . ~ . subject or°·'.tfil·s,cont0ntio·n on 26/.3/96 outside•?~~ extended· oo,ad:line '-';", The defendant's col).llter elaim .was also dismi.ssed,.by the tri'l-. - ~ ·! :.:. c6t .on '·the<:main premise. that·· t.he alleged f'axed de:faniatory words to Mr. ;Ra.berl ,Hayward of-_Malawi. Ch.ristii:m CotUl.cil ·vvet-e ·discll.Ss,i-ng-· somebody else· one.· a Vice Chairman and _his family :whq··rye alleed to. have misappr~~.riated the ffund;s of ¥1alav'd o,?~~sti_an Aid, a·nd·: ~ .not the defendant -·hl.mself oi.e· 'l!4n.'U.ma Chamber Qf· -·onμne~e ,Indus.try .. . ~ . ~ . . - . ... _' ... " and· ;gri cult• · the appe1.l,an,t/lllainti..ff · a.p.ly be cause the de.fendant/re.spdndent has;·itot •.•• /4

; '.'~,3~~:-, . < .. ··-;·'S'.f•,' i:d~~';- -'?•1'.".;}r .! ··711:_·.: . . · ·- ... •· : . ·.. l ..... r: . ~-t '"';•

4 cross appealed against the di.ssal of his counter claim for the 4 • • ' '· • ' ... • •• ;'!,;.l;.,.· •·~ .c. .• ·, ..;_· :· -- .. £.1 :..:,: .'. ... a• • ..i. ..... _,.- . · defamation claim of shs•95m/=. damages. _ .- . . t';_;.--~~ :,-;·; .. · .... t"•· :..:•i•· ;"::, y_[ ··.. . .· : .• ~ .· , ·,·.;>·:.:.,..::;,,.:, -- Bottl/,aes were:,'.ag:t>eed -that the basil,_of their contract .. c;:t,_the J. - :: ·. ~~ r<'v~.- ./- -·: ~ .. t ·: .:· .:: .. : .. ; _ _ :_ . '. t . "'f ,. ':· . : : s r;~~ i':.-:;.:; \· :. .·. . .. . .'.; supply of the maize 1500 ton.a paytnE?~~ .t. 'Sb.s.._.1.):,.5()0/= per .one 100 .,:'.:•.;• ~ ;," :--: ···;: •.. ,. •.; ':· . - •; . :. , ,:.,: .} •?,.l • -,;>·" ';:·. • .. : ' sack bag was ente rad ·in 1tri ting through. the wri tt.e.n oontm:ft in f-- .. t!q-1.:-: ........ _.:,:·{?'": --;;•·.-i: 1 :··.·-·,{:.: "<: .. . .. :; : ... 1:J·•)i:-·-:: ,; .. ·-r.-.1)()1 .. ·.:-1• ... !1:•, - .· .. ·· .,.:: ,. produoe.d as Exb.ibi t Pl far the plainti,ff (copy) and exhibit •. /::•!;!!. -·, ' ~ :"j- 1 • .• · :91 for te defendan~ (Origiruμ hand writt_en)i .. . ·· .. · .. ·:·:;,:-,.··.:: =.- 1:-~~,-:,J:;;·:.-.: - . : .. -; •:·." -~- . . ,, ... -(-~~ ~ · \J;;;•-. \ ·.-r··t_r:·· ~···:- .. :; ~~- ..... ' This contract read as follows, I quote it verbatim:- 1 - ... ; :·:,::be-tween the TA'l'tz,1lti>it·c1rnt{BER .. oF ··dbMlvIBRCE INDUSTRY AND AGRICULTURE MBEYJ. BRANCH

• :,-:,, ancir··, · ··· -,.. --: ·· · . . · - ... _ ;_ ,.c~:, ... : .. •,· ;;·:· ~ :; L.! . . •-· • _ lVIHIMBIRA. ENTERPR,ISE_S LTD .MBEL1 • ::. • ,.· • ..... ,.- : .- ~:' • . .. ,·\ ;" .... >- - . • • .-"'i: ..ftancerning the supply of 1..500 Tons (metric) ;,ef.;:.iJ.rahzania Wh.tte ·1~·-itrt-:ilnwi'-:"Cargo Centre· ~- -Godown at r:lbeya • ... ~ : . -- '::: . ... : - . It is agreed that the above will be supplied by 15th .. r.T.areh-, ···1996 ~~t ' pri'/,;;f :hs.13,.500/; ·. · per bag of, lOQ. ;.. A-ludi -the gunny,;bag., Signed for Tu'.rHIMBIR.: ENTERPRISES LTD. _ .. ; :·J ~ . ~ '"' ~ ·signed for TCCIA r!f.BEY" BRiNCH , • · ,his written cqntract has. one: :g}tng :.cl'.'Ucial error of the dating o the cont:r:ct At he top most of the c·ontraot the date of the cpntract is originally inscrioed n28/2/96n where.as J3:t the bottom :+,·•- ·:-·•:,.:.·,.· ·.:~~~.! .. .;.:~~. :•·"""'--·:;-'.-:.·· .. •-·-·•··. . .. r· ·,.-- ... ,~ ·' most of the contract the date originally inscri4. is again ~ -. I ., n28th TuRCH, Lt,,•''.;e The two sides.with all theirwi tness.os, the .... ·i--. --.'.~ ••• . ~ .. "---..,-=..:.;;-·.:; ·•,·.: :, t ... .-".,-,, _!:. -· advocates arid. the trial Magistrate neve said or commented on these (; ' .. different· dates cavering i'.~:H:ihge \lf'·orte' hroiith'"i3 -piod d.uriilg whi~ ~- •••• /5

5 the en±i re. transact.inn t.ook :place the. subject- of this suit. Even . sub.mi tting in -court. orally and' 'in writing 'in thla appeal's file and .. raoord until at the time of wri til1g this judgement when for i, . ·'·•· t)'.l,e :fj__rst. time.. I -not.ad this:, grar±hgly crucial d.ispri ty of dates of .,;,. the, contract.·· It is too late now' to get the. advantage ◊-f the views . .t,,:. of the pal:'tie~ t.o the auit, thir .witnesses and of the dvocate• .. • . . . .,.f llOW Afte a~-their, "-1-;' oan;,~n..ly help. te interprete • the meaning ; ' . ;" ; ,·, • •' •• ; ·- • ' : ' ' • • • • • 1. • ' ; . • -. - o-...aa .o. the co17:tot, 1 · but. ,C?J'.lllOt vary them . .orally as ._ I· , •· ,;, ,,. -- . prohi lti ted under s.e cti on,, 100 . (1) .. qf -i.i_ie: Evidence Act, 196 7. . . . .. .- •. ;: . ,: .. . . .... .• ~ ' " ' ' . . . . "' ,,::· This cq_urt ip:t;er:p:N)tes the~- tV{O d3te.s · ae:i i,s· apprdprfate ' .. . . . to do after the,same fE;icts.fw:va:.n(,}t been considere·~ by the 1-ower eourt as follows:- , of 28th march, 1~96 is, a. ditri:ii.~le.rro:r: otherwise meant to be :, . .-. . .. -=· - .. r ~ •!8/2/96 at ,the \ot.on:i pa,g or II!ea.nl,,t.o ,be·,28-th Mar•h, 1996 at the r; .. :. 1: .: ~-- .. j _ • - ··· • ~ top page. The mos.t like_ly_,possibly is ,,thait _'i:t,·is the bottom date . ~ .. ) . ' .. '. . . . .• . .:. ,- . {': ~ · ..... ·. . ·. .,.. .. . ~" . 28th March, 1.996 which :,Yas: ,mistakenly ins<::ri\ed ,so instead o:f' being ' . . .. : ·- . ' • . : • i .• : . • • . •; inscribed 28/2/95 as on the, top page be cause. thi,E! is what both . '

• ::~ . ;.·. ·.•..,' parties and 1tvi "b.esses and advocates sc3e.m to .ha~,. ,elieved to, be the status quo of the contract and what actually took place fr01~,,~ the best eviden.a of the eyes, ear~ and han<i;EJ evi4~:r:ice of PW+ Ap 0 ollnary .! . - --···: ' ·: .· ... : ·., . . . both Mhimbira and DW5 l.oyoe lttvl8JI¥3 who; test,ifi.,~q.-at,:,th.is .G.0tra:-t . . ,(, was entere·c1 and s.igned. -on 28/2/96.. I:f ,.thift.d:-S -,whai. happene,di:then, ·-·•·] ••.. /6

6 But this.-i,s not the only possiibi}i-ty of. whijt actually happenec:. < •• ; • .- • ' ,. • ' -f;'' It· is poE3sible that· ,the:, oorititactwa~ writ~~l;l on 28/2/96( i~ the ,-, ' - resen 6f- both parti.es,, :_but,·no:t · signed. until. 28th Mrch, 1996 .. -;. ,---when-•i.t was.so·s±gned:·by,--hotli_,parties in ¢a.ch one.'.s presn~; I:t . ~ . ,.

• • -- a , -
• his i,:s-what happened•- th-endmere is;1)ossib.i:l1aty,.t1;>,at despite .·.' plt. ih:, the' cohtra-dt \he i~st date of the ~lipply of the maize as . - . ~ :r·- - -.:::-
• -,-,being the ';t5/i,'6' tht obtild-:-h13~ 'tneant that ii- transaction up to hhoured by· ''ach partyi'r. n{ 'that case the respondent would be \found to pay 'r6;·- the- 25i 9 tri~-,·{'1ruil-ze su1hiiiea:· a the: 'de stin,e;,. Jpot of Malawi Cargo Centre' Godbwn )Ib<3ya' oh 26/.3/96· before the agreement and understanding of their coritractu.al relationship they should have thought· so and said. so'-in thir· te:stimonies and submission of their advd-clt;e-s.,, I therefore dismiss the existence , ..:.second _ - • . _ ,, _ • of this/ossib:lli ty at all. The only viable explanat.ion and reasonable explanation of the existence of the two dates of 28/2./96 • --- and 28th March, 1996 is as assumed by both parties that indeed and in actt1l fact they entered the agreement,, wrote it and counter . ,," ; ' . ,, signed it on 28/2/96 and that they 011ly made a clerical mistake of ,-, , inscribing "March" instead of "February" at the most bottom ',j_ ,'.; :'···, ,· - i •-- ', , : • page of the date. I hold that this is what actually happend• Wi tl' '' · th;'. a:h9ve explanation now - -- · -- · . · / -- this 1s an ... ··. , :: _ ··'-: _ r:ror which can be .etiiy corrected at this . - . -- _.. . : _ina':Qtru:fi -cant - .... . . . . ' .. •.. ... ; ... 'iif;i ; ' stage without prejudicing any .party to the suit and this appeal at " .• /7

• ir ; ••. ;.-:f-t; ::. :··.-,, ;,;•"',-I.·"..!• .: '.::~ .. / . , -t· ·,: ::> i' ;~ .1. . . ;,.. ' .,.. . , · ·28'th Iliarch, 1996 as •-inse-:ti;l?ed in -:liia cQμtract. . --· . '-•1 . centre on a possibility of- .ati'1.xisten6e ·of an __ oral contract .: -::~ ... } :; ,.;.- . .-: . .exp;assly entel'9d ·-or, ,:i,.tnplied .:from .. the ·origina.1. -001i~ra-0t or by .... _ "··,:;..: • .cf:;- -:-J-- ;~ ·,;:< ·. · .. .,..· . . -'!'·:<.-....-·>- : : · .. J .· '-.; . conduct.,· of tlae:,-.Parties relationship after 13/3/96 by 'the a'cceptance • -· . • . . . ' .-,. - • : .. ~ ~ :;:. ;·;:.. ,.c .of '.<!onsignmehts: of mai:z,,:t~~J: 15/(¥6 ·.whih··'a enumerated with • ·,-.I., ......,l ~ . ~ .'~ •. - ' . pre cisio:p a:dJ. excellent -'-de tai'ls of .tlle ~ .P94en t~ vvi tne ss DW4 . I. , ;• ..... "·•, • . ., ~ • • ••• • • ::; . '--: /1~ '.• ,, 1 • . ,···1·i· · Pe'1: 1 er:S~ Mhl.-na who is the··secretary·to.:the TCGU Mbeya Branch that .. , I. ' . ---- ·-.--. . .. . ' . :' 'they paid: .. the-- appe.J,.lan-t; fo~\nai z·e' subriiJ·d ·;s'hs~~33 million up to - the dedline --date of· 15/3/96 an~_ yet further paid- ·another sum of · 18/3/95 up tq___27/3/9·6. But, the appellant --doesn't say with whom he entered the extra·or additional oral contract whereas on the .. : .. written contract he expressly testified ·that he entered it with one Mwamanga (DW5) the Chai:r;-man of TCCIA. · . . . ' .. -,;; . At the time of delf;{ring the .25.9 tons of maize in issue and ;,:.: .. in disputed there was certainly no· Tuir Mwamanga around in Mbeya or at the Malawi cfgo cJhtre· Godown at Mbeya who would have possibly acceded· to. S'.lch an oral contract in- variation ·or addition '.).:.:. (. ;. . Otherir.Lse, the people- who- handled the __ j59 ton~ of maize on 6/3/96 testified- to the_c6ntrary that· the supplied maize after 15/3/96 was a result· of anoer new publio advertisement that any- body to could supply the mai~ · to Malawi Cargo after· it be.c~iotis -.·/_ . ••• /8 . ; ... r \ ,;: . ·.

.... , .. -. .-. ,; that'. «the- .appeLlant ilompany.;,9q_u.ld noi oo..at the· .. dead.line of supplying , .. · ' .. · .· - . ,. the 1500 to11.s. oy 15/3/96 ,Whi;h default ,was not orily a breach of . . . . . . ' . - .. •, ' . \ ;·.• ·,;.;: · breach·:,thir·' oi;gepe:rate eentr-c"!l.JV(.}:th .-,th0 Malawi, Christian· ,:,Council to' whom they had .. sto.2su.pply tl).e, sf1id ,niaiie by 25/3/96!. The . . . - .. ' . -· ; ' . f p.;ased; ,on th,~t advt;tJzc1:1ent, I uphold the lower courts finding • •• ••f••' •.• .. ,:,•M• • 0 ,• : ........ , ... ) •,,-.;--••• •,:_,.>:•i•'• '••: ~ ', •:: ,·, .. • .•. ,,: ·.,,,,• •.,,,r • ) ••• , this fact rather ·than Ql1. existence of another oral contr2ct ·. . .. . . . ~ ,, ,... . . . ,,. . ;· : • .: :· ', ,1'1-·· --Jt-: ..:··.::..:::. ·.:·-- :: ; J':',:: ' -- ··• . . : . extonding the 15,J.,96 writte:n.. de.a'dl.iri.o of•'the c.:mtr8ct to 28,3,964 .. : .. ,.,j •.il,l'; :,j};~~ir, the 81)}?"11t} ··own exhibit PB betray-s; clefeats and ·. f--,··:•; !-:- .. -'f/t;;: _.:. ;.• exposes the appe:llaift·'·to:0-t:ne top'.•·realn1Cof ,the ,bar+cl 1<,11agon from which ... ; .· .... ·'he 'ivants,:t0 · continμe ,;Jppi,ng tl}e. r?Il;Y of the. responi::1ent through . '. '.. ~ . - . ,this suit despite the tr\lth that he kept the 25.9 tons of mai3e for • • • I scfe custody only as it indeed stats in writing iri'°GRN (Goods 'received note') of th~ respon:dent. This ·original document was written and supplled tO,.the'appellant's agent on the.dnte of th~ -delivery,..of th~ 25~~ t:m,s of. maize to the respondent on 26.3.6-. ,' The words state to quote them exactly: .::-; These words can't now be interpreted otherwise· by the . ap:pilarit fo{ this doc.ment was given to t:ge .appellant on 26.3. 96 on the ve·ry date of the de}4 veY-. bf' the maize by tp.e ai)pellant .. to the responp.ent w.hic .. document was kept by the appellant himself UJ;1.til he produced it in court as his exhlbit PB• : .. The· respon.d$n,~ h.:\s gi:ven a reasonable ex:gianation that they .:had. to aapt ;e _maize. tor. safe custody only in the godovm of Malawi Cargo Centre in order. to help the appellant to keep temporarily the maze there for the night because •..• /9

'.,.-· t i :t was ~qa an.d -;tp.e.- appe:Uant' had,.irailelC wf-rii{ ·thiX-~i~~- all

• ; .• • • < • • • - .... ! • . . . • . ~ . . . ~ ... . . -: • . ...... -: the way. :foin- Makambako. i th hire.d ·;mo t·or·~~hiie s·. whl ch if they did - ., . •. • . ; . ;.: 1" X . . " .• . • . ..· .. : .. . . - ~ ·- . i . ~ . • • . • : . ' • . . •·: ·.·. ' - •:·- :'., . ....- .·,r: :·.: :. •·' .,· ~~t .";.·:. .. < not off: load ths maize on that particul.r day __ t_liey·cettainly . hve ·... . . .,_ __ · the appellant -,Xt;-~ .. _ ·. all_owances wo-y1~ R?.~~~·qly/·pt:··.· ~ lting chge~- lmtl·'f!?t for the .,d,,iven,:t and ,11ar,tl i.>i; Mbe ofriM th.i -mtdzr,g6t tit£ .t&:aded from t. . : . . ·:;·,. . -t.
• their motor vehicles,
• ... : /_ . ·.. . .· · · .. the. ; .: .··: \ - ._ .Aceol1Clihg :toityLetlence· of DWl Ezekia Mwaisttihbe,., by next day on 27/3/96 he w:rota artd· ·tiphorted the plaintiff to te away ltl:s . ' .... -. . maize in ifaiii in these wo!'dsi..i:. -,; ,- . .-; 1 *:rrt was raining sea son arid we . ass~~ tad the.· plaintiff.· ,. by keepihg the inaiz ? :c'§- the ma±·ze- ma7, not :b9'.l',' destroyed, W8 e'oritacted. th~ p.J-a~.ntj.f;f. $everal times to };- - 1 •• : ;,.: __ • came and take . the _ inai ze but -~~~-re fused~ Even . ·. - . Maiawi Cargo wrote to us·tt, inf.o:r'nl the'··p.l~.t.:ntiff to. •• =·:: tr,::•• - • -~~:: '0 • J f •; - M•< .... : On 27 /1/97 we wrote·· a letter to te plaintiff' so she may come to take his maize. .. -c· the ''.let·ter by aJpatch: but he did no~ come .. to. colle cft-:·:•:•','" We , ,pave . him . "' ..; ..... -~-- •·. 'his• mai z·e·l·,' '.Be &ti~~ o:r' that 'we had to take . the maize from Malavd: Carg, ~~d ;t il ~~to•.cour -· . ' .. · ~ somW12-:re · else, by.' then the me.ize was destroyed." .,.:-._. I i. _.- , ... . ,: • . . • This evidence was nbt/re:futted seriously by the appellant.· Why . : .. .. didn't the appellant takaW&y his maize or at least ~ply to the · about - · · · · / · ·. · · - . respandenj his ~~eat that stage that he could not take away the onl . -·-maize because there was_anr'contract for the respondent's to pay nim for this maize :.even if it was too late to be supplied to the ••• /10

. ....,_ ,.. - ••.• .).•.; !' . ·": . . 10. "':"-· ·: ,:.·: ·.,t..· ... Malawi Christian Council where it was ultimately . 1 ~~? . . · .. , ·.· Insteadj the appellant just kept quie-t to the demands o.f- the respondent to have the appellant take away his maize because ,by neccessary infel'E:nce he did not want to have anything to do with that maize, again for good- or worse-;for undi.aclosed reasons at The. holding of ,the lower court were all quite proper and justifiad •. This_apal las merit; It is dismissed with costs. court - He is attnding High Qourt Sessions at -- I'f j omee. For the Respondent: Mr. Naa · Adyoca.te '.".'"···PJ;e;sent .. ,. ,:·.- ... ' Respondent - Mwamanga - Absent .. . ,• . ., ·. B/C: Kosarμ . • ... .,. __ _ ,. . . Court: Judgement delivered in the P!esence of the l:!JSpondent's .AT . MBEYli 29/6/99, advocate and in the absence of the appellant. District Registrar -to "i:n:form the appellant a-c~rdingly. . . . . --j'. . ' ' J . . -E. L.K. MWIPOPO JUDGE •:•,. •r •·• t .: . "i ' • j ... '"!i • . ... ~ ... #'