Elias Sadira and Others vs Lonyoke Ndoros and Others (Misc. Civil Appl. No. 1 of 1998) [1999] TZHC 455 (4 June 1999)

IN THE .. HI GlI QQiJaT OF T.ANZANIA ·-- -- ......... ------ . :· .. ,., . · AT ·ARUSHA. .. · · ··:·. 1·· . .- • . • •• , • ---: :_:. .. ·. ,,. -;·c,- 9 r.v ... ~~JL:;~~~-,,_:'o.r;:.{9-..~-- __ ,;·! . . . . ~~}/RC. ci;.·.••Appei,N?!,',7/7;'. ~~ti;!f ~~o•ni\ .. Monduli Dist_;r.i 0 t_._pot, q'f;··· A;p9:l, N°•. i/9.5 .?/ · .. . . ' ·. . . - ....... " ...... * .. umg:i.do. P;:i.mary, C.ci'-1:l't.' CiJil. 9,13? · M~•· 9 of l' '. ) • ft, • ~ • ' • ,-.,J,1,: !,,1 - .-."ri" .. ELIAS SADIM FILIPO .SADIRlt. · · ons ,, .. · ... ::·• . ·-·! : . . ' ..... , ,, . ... .. . .. : . ; .. . . .0-,A.NTS ¥ARKO KALEKU ,; . - lJJNYOIC0 NDOROS VILLAGE CllARMf..N (K .... . . ' ·- ., . VILLAGE s:mGTETL . LllSOKOI. '1· --. . . . .EX-VI .YO KilUS ' . .. ' . i· .. '-: ~ ·. : ':_ .. :: .. This ·rulJng ha!:J been n$cess.i tated'. by a prelimin8J:"'f i,pj9,tio.!,1 on . -.-- -~ .. ' .. - ~ . \ . . . . : a poit f la.w raised by Yu-. Oja.re learned counsel .,n behal. 1 ?.f. the Respondents. The objection was resiste_df' mth less visible oon'Viction 1 ':!' • • • • •' . • • by °pir.: Marin.yo, learned·· cot,msel for_· the:. thre. objectors/,ipplioants, , ~ ·.· . ' . in thes~ ob jec ti•n proceedings. The thrust. -of .M+-. 0 jare' s o bjeotion . s that th~~e::bjection P:t'oeedings brught ,under-Rulef.57 .to :59· flf.,_. the Civi .. P.rt1edure Code, 1966 (hereinafter to ·be referred to as the c.P.C) a.re incompetent in law a.a the attachment has been.fully . . 'in . ··: .,:·'·' ,.,·· ·•. ;· ·. . . executed£the sense that the attached; property ha:3 already been disposed ... ./, ,·. M by sale by a way of a publi6auti2:1-,conduct.ed by fil. court officer. . . . ' ) ,,. ,_:,While concedig to this fact, Mr; Merii:zyo has req_uested for a court ruling on the issue;. .Since tha~. 1,s!)''· duty, I will· not shirk i ta . To be sure Ima.ke a ;i'it: $tati~ I will begin by faithfully reproducing in full the releva.nt.portin of the cihber Silrnmons drawn and filed by .. 1,1r •. Merinyo. whicb. is. ffilppo·rted-· 1 by, on~ joint affidavit,· -,f the three Objec.tora. The same te'a.d:~: a.a foilows;- ... ' f'· ., .; .·;:- .. - .... ~.t.:.!·i,; .. /· ·.·/.1·:, ,•:' . .. ·

. ' ,.-,.:· .. :.2 - -· !""~~ ..... '/ ' ·-. '' r · .... /, ·• . l ~ - 00': A;Lli.'THE. P ARI$$,' 90N9~~- /4.BR , 9e;t;'qr~\ fe · Honourable · Judge . sit.t:!,f).gi Jn, :ohalll_lxlr:· ,( isir::: )n.on ,1he. • • ' . . . . - . . ; da:y·. of .• ~ . 199.: :.:.. a.J. a36 o•:qloq~ :9r\ sqOf.l.; ir4_ere- \ . . . . after when the Apl,icants _ may be h-~~ μp,on,. ~~plica- tion. !'or the:,fbliowing o_rders:- - ___ ·· ·. ·· :-,,·:·.·::: I fo•·,; .. •• '.• •. :,.: , (Et) Th.at the Respondents are cn;-dered· · to release Ojt' cortipensate' 52 ,Leads {sic) of ,,c·-ttle w.i'ongly . ''i, . . .. ,· ·. : attaclj.ed and sold' parsuant to a warrant of'· ·•. , •. - . ',-.· '' I Attachment issued by RonoU!'able'Ai'.sha·Nyerere .· Acting :Pi strict Registrar on ·lQth DcJnb_er, 1997 and executed .. by Jo,l;i,n.D.-·NyabaJ,llbi:;qoμrt · Bai li;f:'f ;· on :13 t~ 9f!~-J.c 1 .. f ?. SJ:1 •;:. ~ > . :/ . :i: .. . ~ . ..... (b) .... r11,at _ c:o:~trt:of ~~i"s Aplioaio ~-,.P.--~'.~Y.' the R0spopdents. 11 (.lIDlphasis is mine) As earlier shown in ,t_hii,; ruling this application (objection ~ ·' .,. : proceedings) is laid und0r Wles.:57, 58 and 59 of 0.21 of the Civil Prooedure Code, 1966 ( the C.P.C.) "and any otb.e-•e.naJ>l~~~ln'trvi•aions of the,,law. Mr. Herinyo has r~'.3-,tedly elill:l.z-tJP. 4.s-oral. <. submission iti resisance to. the elimina.ry· 0 b~~Pien:,-1:wia}>Y:. ;; . - . . . . ' .,... '. . ..... \ ·:·· :· ! \ . . . ·,, . j - :-., '. ·, •• ' t . •• ·• other ena?ling 'provisio~~,,P{ tb,e law." he ha .. in .-!Jl;inci ~ L S,.95 of th° C.P.C- •. :-·· ·,,, _ . ·.r - ·: __ -,,,:. - .· ... -· -- ,- - ,. - ,, .. ~ :' .''•(·,'.·.>_ . ' ' •• ..,. , ...... !" ~ • . ' . . ,,. • .• ·. .'.. :·, . .. ·. . , . :. . _ . ·. . . , _ - · . t 1 : •• . •. :, •. •. , , • _ , ,. • ·• 4 • " :' • , : .-. r. _ ; Rule~ 57 .. a.rid 58' o! o.g1 .Jt1dio;t :Jt1~-::p:r;,in~~al Q?ec~i:V:e of . ., .. - objeotiori pr6,o\ed:fri ::l --;I.at~.p~: .t.o-,. ai;ta.chment;,,9f. P+-Pflrt,.v l' ~ .• . - . ~ ," .•. ··: j :· . - . . .. ' . .· . ·" . : j . ,. . . ; . executlon of decrees and how: to, .. attain that objc.ti..ve. For tho ~ •, } . , • .. °; , • • •• •, , • ' . .... , • , .· .I• I • • '•• . sake ot .clari'ty' and .e'asy referenoe I .vri.li rep;r_oduce the{Il, hereunder. : "I • •• • . •• • ' ' • .1,, • • ; ~ • • '.,1 -r : • l • ,, ! • • They reiaci as f 01101-is: 1 , :.J. ••: :. :: : • ;• tr ~ •: ."; • ~• ;• '.', ~.7:--(1}, ,,. li¥3re a.rlY,.C*~}M;:iB prefoffed ,lio, or any pba"tii''· i~---- . made to the attachment of, any property attaoJ;i~( 1 : ..•.. •i•.-~~ 1' .:·.. . . ,. :: '. :: , •. :'": .. : • ·:: • • . . . .. ,/ 1.:.:;·.•":::"":: ./- ... . in the executi.on of a dec:rbee on the ground tha~ _ . suoh.,propert.y is not liable to such attidfurtn-tl" :•l.' ,_,; tho court iaha.11 proc<iid to irtvestigata the··cld!m'·•· .tO:;,··: . "' :- ,',· ·, - . . . .- . .- .- . ' .. o.r:objeotion ':wit}). the ·1ika· power··as reds the' ... _- •, · . · i \ . ·· ;. . ':·' . . -· •I · ex_nation of the claimant· or objector a:rid 'iri · · .. _ · , • ,' • • , sfy-, :all·. o thor respeoi s, as if he •'wa;a, a party to _ -' ~(-·\

• · the -sui,t: . . . ., . Provided that no such investigation shall bo made where the court considers that the claim or objection was dsignedly or unnecessarily delayed. · (2)_ }lb.ere the property to which the claim or objection applies has been advertised for sale, the 001..rrt 111I'.d2ning. th,a salo ma,; 0 Postpone - t r-•··,1:_;::t. 1

• 3 53- The claima.J.1t a.r -0-lljectb.r must ~ adduce evidence to how._ th\ at t~~ :dat.ef tb.,.,ttt he. ~ som interest.in, qr ·was poesesed of, the · p;o~~rt:y_· ~~~~~hdd·,; ·::, ·: · :-.: . ~ . ~ ··.· · ·-·-····· · . .. . . ( lllinphi , ,i ~ mi;;e r· . • • • •• ' • C ' • ' • f . . . -: . C Froni t.b.e. above provisions 1.t i.s cr,yatal clear that. on r9oei ving the • , . • • • '. • • . . .. ~ •: •. ·. • • ~ • • : ' . . . ' .- . . : . • . I. • • . :• . objection to attacJ_1i"llent_ application the court is. duty' bounci ·. make a judicial inves,iti~~ (,n:'a.e r. 58) to determin hth~~ · ;:r:: n~-t · . 'the property attoleci :l.~ iable to attat ana. ··alo :~~:r't :· , was in the. :posseon t>f thCwt/objector --\h~ \i·oi ; ,-

• . ' at.tachment or the saip. objctor hd an int9.rest in th,e same.•. '. .. . . lfhat then is t;1e d.si{9;ed o.nci iosul t; of .·thi. ie~~tion? • • • l • • • _',•, • I'• -, ' The. answer fu this si1nple question is Provided by :rhle 59.· Tb.(f ·se Provide~ as :follows,..;: . ·· ·. . , . .. <•- ·:- . · .... ~ lrlbor.oUpOn __ the __ 8:8,id i;nvestigati<m the cour.t ,i.:.sa:tw:fiod; . : . . . . . . . . . ... · :• . . . ' ' ~ . ~ , . . . . , ·. .. . . . : . . that for the reason stated in the olaim. or obj13otion. . . : . . . . . : !. . ·'. . . . . '.: ' . ·: .: ' such oporty was._pot,.. when attached, in the. __ p9s_ses;:;;i..9.n ..... . · . .r "the jdgoI;t' dbtor ,'; f some porn in·,,;~-(i-·-.:.: .-··. ;'!}. . . . .,. ;·;· :· . ' .. · '·.· .. : ·.;; t., ,...;·: .: : -.~ : ·.. ' ....... : ... hi-m, or.:in ·tJie·occupa.noy ef atena.nt-'o:r cfther:·peraoh·: ·· -~ ..... : . . . •... ,.... ' - !. ,, ·. · paying :rent titium, :Or that; being irt tI?,e pesssiof/ : . . •f the jud50Jilortt .. .:. dbto;·t sucl:\i~~,'it .ws-o·in;, '. .· , •.... · . . . . . · his.own· propei'.:vy-.but .on·· his pos·session, not on his own a;o.c9un_t or·li.a,£ account of or in t±ust fr some other person,: ·or pi~J.y -,~n' ·.;·-:;·; ... , __ his ~~ 'a6cot:nt and partly bn· ~ccovnt of s~~e'·:the{ ':, .... ' person 9 tho court shall make :propert.y,. ·whoiiy br 'to' shoh ; from . a tta61une'nt -ti ., .. :. ' ' ,· an or,der releasing. th.a ·. " .. . ·:·,_ •,· :: .. - ·. exteri t as it thinks fit, .. · (Emphasis is mine) •·. ·Reading,purposivel. , tho mderlin0ci portion (above)., 'or the rule.-:·:· •• ••• •. ?, • • . ·, 1· • .' ; ••:' ••:, L .: .; , ' 59, i,t becomes evident that ·once the court holds that- the attached · 'property was no-!; in' tlle ·possession of ;-ilie: judgement;...debior·· r 'soe '. . . . , . . .·1 I, •• .. ' • : 6't11er person in· trust for him or being :in: his poseession it was ao .. .. ' ~ ~ . '· .... : ._ . nt on p.is own account or as his.own prop0rty its -juris<liction under this r.uie . i.s. lirni ted ong . to maki an .order rel.easing :the .·· . . . . said ;eropertr wa_.oit;:,Y · or partial]...y .from- attachment. In__ cloi-ng l!1Q. ~ ·· · •••. /4 ...

. ·'-·-# ..... ,.: . ,· .... ~ : .... ~~ . ; : '•. - .,, .\ ;" :, ~ • • •• .. • .- .. , 1, ·.• •• the .court. dc,ea: .riot~~ pa:nn.ot ,pIX):i;,'ii:• to·'-dooide oonolu.si vcly tho . . "•. . , l ._ :•·;.:,:.. .. right to oxershi12_ p-1:.' -~~ ~~~-:t5roperty. · Howove:i, subject to tho results of a sui 1/ il~.ti~~~. μucl~-'T•62; ·- 'the sa_id order, is con.clusi ve If'.. then the ·powers of. -;;e, 9aurt are thus - Ii.mi ted, what. will happ.n '. :•• •. ,· . t .1- :. . if. the_ olaitn or objoction:,is•iprefor:ted O.or indeed dutorminJaf,tel;' tho attached property has _be.c:.m disposed ·of byesale?. Our law i;3- . . ') . : .. ·,, .. ' ... glaringly silent ;en tho iffil:, and this is the basis of MI'. _Qjo.ro : preliminary objection. The law.in, .India 01} th0 issue--is al1oad of our law. • • • .. • .• •.,' •:. ,I.(, Prior_•to 1976, the lW, __ in ,India was identical to o-μrse 1:\ules •,, ... _ .. ,,.' 5.7 -to 59 and 62 of ·o.rde:v 21-· df our BC~ are identical to rul0s · 58, 59, 60 · and 63 of the Indman. Ci Vil l:r.ocedur~ Coda Act V · of 1908:. . . . . . r..~ ·~ ·.: ... c·~ :· . . ..: . - .. before the 1976 Ameqdment. How:eyer th0 law was clarified · _· by the 1976 Amenent •. 1 I'he,:ff~~t"-:t the Amendment was the ;ti,on of another p;ovis -J;o ·rJi 58 (1) .to ,:J;he effe~t- -:that no such olaim

• . ·.- ·- ,--~ •-,\ .·. . ' OI' objection--;shal]?e _ cri\er;aned whe;r-e,. bef·o~~·:'.~~~ claim is J?Fcferred · .... · •· - ...... · · ·l • · · · 1· • · or ~ CiJ<.iCiih i's hiadOj the property'- a.ttaohd had ~:i.~ad.y been sold. The Ind.kn Legi-Matu:c0 wa.s respond.mg to the obvious. As I shall . .. . . show later, ii,.was. ]g:i.vi)?-g legi.slative"-·force to what the Indian courts had long 'tletabiish~·d to. be' :acepted. judicial :pr1;cticea With this ,· background;ionecan confidently faceiup i;o tho challenge of· the • I , ~ f preliminary- •bjecticin raised.by:Mr. Ojare and tho :resistance thereof .•; .i, :.·· .. ;·,: .• ::.;.-::: -c.-··--.-- .': ~1; .:: .. '.. ·· by Mr. Mer:t_eyo.. •. ·.: .. ,. · -- ·. · · · A, • .,.,,,, , . . Mr. Ojaf.;has u.rgcd thi~ 99t, to find t4oe obj-;,otion proceedings "} ,~ " . to ba. - incompetent and misplaced. in law." He predi.pa.ted this bold submisai•n on his conviction,,that rules 57 ,5--~j.-,;·~21. "xplioi tly show that they relate 'to a si,tuation where property has been attdhed but not yet sold: fn: relati◊n :to; a decree.ti My own View.:on this.' ,<··· :· . . .. , __ :_ .. ·.-· contention is ·tE:a.t t 1 .1e said, rules· only· implicftiy-·show what Mr~ 0jare is ad.vooating. · It, ir, the Indian law which is e:i..'J)lici t •on -the· matter. All the same Mr. Ojaro has farther submitted that .aJ.nce .. there ·is .. : , , . .. ·. ; .· ·;· ··.~ •: ... : .-:. •;:. : ._·: ... -r!-t: '.. : ... '· · .. · ·-:- . 1.; abundant evid:e'r'1-ce• to show. tp.arLthe a:Ptlμcants 1 proptjrt,r. __ has already · •• • ' • --:"'" •" • •" •, ;:,.:).:" •. • : • -:.,: • - i • ' t I •· • ,• ,, .. •• bean sold in executfS,·of '-th-edecreef:iibe· ourte:ril -'.ro6eid-:tniii•--ar~r· ,,;. mispla.c 1 ed in law a.i{rl fu:1:, the;e· ·f:d~/ 'tt{·b~;·strJd~.: dirt --t!1 · .:. · oosts •• In short ho is s-i;ing that there is no attachment of ,. •'·. ·,··., . .,

., ,, .... 5· -· .......... , ·, .. \ .. .- ,t· .,:.• property whj,.qh can llG raise4. here' wi.th-' ·.the. o·oneaqti.enti'e of rela.a.sing . ,'. ·,- :·-· .. the attached propo_x:t,y. . . ·,· • ·-.. .J. · ,'. · -·. • J • • • On the '1':ter:nati ve °r>rE3¥er :.,f·0r' · an :-order of, "cortJ.peneiatiori of'-, 52 hea 'of ottit.- i~ Va$·.l 1 u-. pjEμ'e'i lliUIDble·•,aubm±ssion:'th!l,t '::g~h. ah ·ord~;r oo-t ib made in a.ppli9atiohs' .t>:f·:·thi's -nature.· ·He- aubmi'tta.- tht thei; remedy lies .. ~ th rule: '{6; lr 0121 •. The'-''said·'.;ltl:e pr·o·es thus:~ •. . ,:'·--·-.~.-· . .,:-.• j{· ii Ni rregulo.ri-ty in ;ubli13hing or· oducting tb'e ''i:3h 'of . · . ... .. ,.., :.t;;. .-· moveable property shall vitiate the .sale, but am(pco'n · . : . . . '. ' :;, : . . . . . ; ,;. __ ,... .. ' . 'fl-;. . ·_ sustainine any. iniUt'Y by,.-reaaon of such iti'tiffiH:a.l'ity at, 'the .lianl 0 0f .any oti10r pe;i;ison .mai, :iiisti tute. •-''i:{ui;t::·againat him for OO)tjponsation or (if such other peraoh''•fs~~------ ·-·-··--- ·phrchser). for tllo re9oyery· of tho· apeifi<f pr1i~riy

• and for compensation in defaul:t'.of. such· recovry :, ,_, In ree; Hr. ·Morin.yo vi;13;bly ·meakl,tpr.a.yad thi~ d;u:r-1; ~ • "' : -'• • .., ., . ' . •. ,' . !, l •::,.•. ·, 1•••.' ... rely on s.95 qf the O..P.C. t6 lve·.the .. 'pli'ght o'f the 'o'hje6to1:s . .,.. .. He then submi tted 9 ,·cirld I 1,till quote him heroi- ·.· ·.·· .. ',.' .. .-.,.-,:,.," ·,/i 1 ,.:'-:. " :My ::Wrd,- tlto ·· Ob jocto'rs · were ·faced 1 with · -~ vei!f di:f'fidiff tJt · ,'• si tuat'io1t··wh.en · the,y' ·found o.ti thii.t ·tb.ei~ ca.ttlcb° iia&' :\idn • · ·• ·, I• :,.,;{:• ,: .. · ·l:;:.ft•i: .. ,.."'·> · sold. 'lihis is oecause-:the · p:rovi·siohs.-·of' ·o.·21, r. ·,4-2 -- .. --· · "I'Jro not 'fol101-1ed. - My 1ord;" if'iwa 'are. t6 ld 1 ok at ;t-·:-::. :.':.-:· ';. ,. · 021' ·r 57 (1') one fii,.s out--:tliat- an 01>jcto'f' ha~:,t~ .. • ,- ,/:·-• bring 11i:s' ap_plication 'when the property fs :'atta:6b:ea:(' In 'thi'E~-tiase dili.a ca.ttle·of-·--the 'Objectors, iei-4 :tch.ed .;- ':'>' -·by• the· cfourt ·&bker.··'-That•act··o£ attaclimerrl·':'bri~~ 'the·· . . :, ... . . ~ .:~ _; :PP.iiQ._i;i_Qti:.'..lti tliii'f' the. ambit· of o.-'21, :•:r.'57~·· : .. ;- :. !.""' .. , j. ·I.· R_ega±dfn~-- ti{ i;ssu.o ·of C.?rripe~~~tion? I' uhcie;-n{'~t F,•6:( 1 _' is discretio!lar:V 'because it says the ·61:i·jector·.imy· i:n,-ti tut· a suit~ So we thought it' p1.;op0r 'to fii~:'thesE?objt'i';i-')r·oeli~~:· ·. ,,•j the'._ sa,rrie iriciude a ayer for copenfiti'b':. Tbt '{s· all ;'· .· '_ • •• • ~ i: • ,... { • • • • , '; ' , .. ;, , . • . , ! . , , • • • • .. •,. • I •• In viow o£ t!J.o cJ.1ar position I have_ already ta.l<:er,i on -:!;he .,Pow;ors · of th curt' ·_ cob.di.id ting an in~~~ta tion. :uncli ros 57 <·59 r f ' ~ ' . - , . . . . '. . -· ,· . . • . . . ' . :. : •. ' .. . : .. . . ; f ·.,f. . . ~ . ':· ; · ... , o. 2f, I·· am· 'fn'.·fu1'l-·6-oncurranc--wi th'.::th~. subnrl.seio~ o:f .Mr~ Ejarc .. , - ..... ::1;11-at· .the pzjre/ ·fcir·:-a;.-·-60Ill))en~·aii6rt Ji/ii-irii'i:Jdon:6trv1n.:~:.~1i/< ~ .- da.ri"·be mae bj_ a"boi.1./t 6f cornptent. "jtrri:sdi6tto'- exe~~ii~· 1 - .. •. pow~~s· undr ;ltl6~ 62; a/;r 76 of 0.21/ Until 'sll t~e-~~11 J.

' 6 C.P.C. is amended to read like --1e 0lμ'rent.. Indian law or it is mo,dfod. o reseli1p;I.o .. rule 60 of .. Ip\ii: 9._P.C~ . ( ,.aondia(l: by tJJ.9. ·- . ,. ... . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . .. ,. . . . .... . .. Orissa and Patna Hir)1 Courts) I i.mreservedly hold that tms.prayer , . ··: for compensti,q11,.und0r ,rules ,57 o 59 i/3 .,l,egally .ml'Mintainable a.r;td . .. . . . '·-·.. . . ... . . . ' . . . .. . ' . .. . •' : . incqJfiPGtty.,_ .p}:'oueh.t Jt?.Gr th0s.: P.ro.v.i,si(;>ns, no.i eyl'!, ... i.mde.r -• 95 · ' .. . . . .. ... - ..... ,. - . .. ., ... - .. ·- -· . .' ........ -_. . .... ·-:- . -- . . . bec.ause•, th<:::cJ -ar:e .o:ther prQvisi.on in tb,Ef C.P.C. proviq.ing tb,is remedy., ' ... :. . ... .. . .. ; ,, : .·, .:. . . . . ,: •' ·,;:. :.· ThotruneQiftnt, to.rule ,60, as ef£ected by the Orissa and Patna High .,_., . ·. ·. , ·, -' ,;·. ·r , .... , ···"'•· ...... ·.-... . - . - _ _. . - - , - Courts, which is othdrtlse.identical with our ro 59 has this farther Provision:-, 11 Where the proe,rtyhas been.$old,_ such o:r4er shall have .• : ~ ... - ....... - • .'1·' tl;t efect_: o se_t~~~g ,i_d~ --~~~ ae~ and if', :t~-~ tp0rty ,. has been purchased by, a thi;rd party in. good faith, thG . : • • ' • • •· = ••• cou;rt may make such ,an oi:.-J;;·· for his copnsation. by tho ecree holder.or objector, _to an extent not xqeeding i , • • I,• • •• 12 .,.. .½ % of., tllo purchase price as it think f;i t. 11 .. : . . . . . . . . : . Indeed the .. +97P Amonqt _has chapged. tho: _Gha,cter, of these pr.a.ceed- ings from. being of an. investiga,tive nature to that of au, dju4icative one • • • ,~ • •. • '. • • • • • • -· t' •• - • • • • and orders P,ss_ed there. upon hav.e no~ .the force of a decree •.. Coming,p·~ tue .first. objoo.tion by Mr •. Ojaro, to theso proceedings, •• ~ ,I. • ' • .. • • I wili make ... it adantly cleax .t.raigh-t awey that I have fom1d a lot of mori ts ir.i t; :,. !]to end ypjec_tJ ve 9f o.bj<;)0tion ·proceep.tngs or investigation., of' c?,-aima -~~~;r ,tllere l'.plo_s _i!3:' oventuallyL m an Ordor raising the .1:d-t.a0mQ11t•. an\i :r:'illoasing thq attached pri,orty, if .. .··· . .· ' . . ... ' . . . . . . successful-. . -It is .99ne.d0d,..by .tho o b,.jccto;rs/ applicants that the , •• . • ,. .. , ·• • 1 • • • t , ', t .·, . ~ . , . .. . attached_ 5 2 , llaq, of ,oattl whic_h ar.e the subj.a.ct of these proooedings •· .. . ·,, . ·. . .. { . . · . . . . ... were sold on · 14/12/19lH. C,a;t;or~}>e:j..pg s,o¼fe!l only a day before). It goes with.out sr.p.p~,. th_e~.efore,: i:ih:<!-t .the tangible o_bjact of these proceedings (Securing th0 possession of the 52 head of cattle) is . . . ,.. ::,: ... ·.:or · ,. ..: .. _; ... -·- · .. · .. _ ., no longer attaiabl_oJf we specul~te t_hat they are e:xis:kfulg in the _ ,, •• l ; . . . . :·.. ·., · .• _ • . . . . . .. •. custody so many hands, they are no longer uncler attachment, _•.eari1.y: ·•teable. Assn that w~ proeed with the heing of the substantive application and th_e ob:joction proceedings 'or .. th~ claill\9 :; __ ;, •' ·, are allowed, t_hee is ~~~ _ p~~pety in tho, hands ?f the Rospondonts . $ich can be subject of an effoctiv,e release from attachment order imder :rl~ 59.· Such an orcl~~ only has . , :'·, . , ... , -.•·. ' . ', and releasing the property back .-. 1 • • J ' • • • .. •• the .effect of raising the attachment to 'the posssion of th· 'objoctor OX' ~-,u·• ./7 . ~ : . .

,. ...; 7 . olaimQllt and. if> ·citfu.i·.Jn±.y · as long 8/,0():.;:;i.ui.t is f'i.le4. ui-ider r,. · • • • • • • ' • • : l • • ~ •:• • ,: • • ,-: • 62 to establish the righi which the ·losirig;p·a.r-by! claim~:·i;o i1ayo yr the property. In tl10 present case there Js hd'ittachmeht. to ·.:rail:l~ ;.,.·:' and there will be ;no. J?;perty. to. releisG' badk··tbithe ·:Qla.:i.ma.nts. wloh··>··, a.re in the possession f the .. Rpondti; '.'r1i· tho· ·ligb.t f this o ·• it be serio';2!31Y argnetl •thal ·t±,· OjJr s 'pfellru.nary: objeotion s· . . :: ., . unsustainable? I have found no in our country. ·., oh the iss.o .•. other jurisdictions.'· ·autho:r;i =t;iy, · :Pe:. it . bindint or pora,vasi ve, . . . . ·· ·: . . . . . , .. ,:. :·•.· .. : .:.,; . ~-· ·:•:._- r; , then :will have to fa.)-1 .cl 9!1' ,' .. . :--J" .. ;"'. . . .. ,..,. .... I have already shown above that' th6.law, in India; pr:i.or to, 1979, . . . , . was identica.f'to ours. How theri were· these provisions .of tJ19 c •. P!Y• of i.ndia applied in-.aimilar situat:i.6ns?·· Th· answer i.s provi9-ocl,.by_ Mulla in .his treatiiro enti tlcd, :MULLA. ON T.l:IB .CODE OF CIVIJ:,_PROyIITJURE, ACT No. v OF 1908; ;ond woODRoFFE Al.I m'WliX' woi4ct:·~~ & AI ALI Is O:i:vrt PROC]IDL'R.l!Yin, BRITISR. INDI4,, A COMl1~/μlJ 91r AC'+' V·. OF 1908. It is comi,1bn gi'ound among;, tho so. distinguillO ay.thors that such ojectiona :.or ola.ims brough·t a.{ter. the sa_lo .o;t .. ,at,e.clled property aro in:coropc fun t. . i· :. ;, .· · .. :;: :::'.::-·.:·-·-' ; .... ·····. . . .. On page 966 of. t1e se6ond edition of:. teil- bk~ '.wooDRQffF'i'r3c .. AMEER, are making i-t·,;li that those provisi9ns. ,ar.e .;·~~~·;"(·;;:d: '" do not depri;o: .. ,/lalmaritof,'hia remcd.y 0 by·suit .. l,}.t gi; ::· himself of it t)lo court is bound. in a.proper cape- ( him··a more spooc.ly and summary remedy, I·; !,he··i·{·:·:·i ·.;.: ; . :whr the clatm "ie rilad~··at :.a·;eropcr· time 1 :;that is ·b· 1 :: •... ,• . . . . . .. , ., .. ·,. fore sale, ta niako · an inf!uiry and,¢an ·be ooropelle~.,, ..... . ':by ·applicatfon in rvision to· d6·:.so •. :IIis remedy ! • . . . ., ,, . . . ' . . by.suit' 1s ·:also· opti:c,ria.l, · nd i:!' ho does not ~~po.a,. ,•,,. . . ·to. avail. himbolf of .. it, a' salo 'ill gi VO him a:• free;.;1. · ca.use of action uith a new 1foriod· Qf ·. limi -l:9'tion. , 11 (Elilpl'.!.asi{ ie; mine).· They (§) .faj'thr ·'aria: affirm thats · · .. .. \ . ·, . '·'. 'e co.u.rt lie,s· ·to make., oder for· releasing tlio :prop- rtr. wlo..11 partiaily. or. t~·: .. EIUCh en. oxilront ·as ai t· tlrlnkcf · it .fron attaq'.imcnt. I Tp. :ard~r ia passed after inVOi-'-· . st!gation of :ii10 claim b,rt11e· b bjector. . It must .be. >: · ma.de before the sale has taken plage, •.•• ••.•.• /8 ·<,Y n; /.:. ., . ·). ··--. . ·-. ·-

8 -!' iJ-' 11.r.u;.1, I •:.t:.! .. ~~ ·.,. .. ': ;'. :•~--(;:,.: f-::--:'.J f / .. l· ,': ..• :· :...J for \tpon the sa1,t'bo appii'.at.i6n,· t;inil~~te& .. iii'o r'ac-to, :r .. ·•.•., ···( eriiphsis '.is:mine). Cqmmel'i.titig.n °the9_· pr~:v:{ion~-:~-: . f>HJLLA. (OP.oit.) __ s_tate(;l as follows: : ·.. · =- · . . . ••• ' ..• ,. . ··: •.j.. ·. . •.. ". ::'nl\3 Ranop, 0.aicutta, Patna, LRo;re, and M adbYa t.' .. , .. - Bh"arat,.f1--9outs .have· held -tha.;I; an· -pplication fot -. . . . . . . ~ --. •. . . . . . . ' . ! ' . : ; ' . . : ,_. · .. removar of attacmμent · uncfor·. tht .. rule nust be made · ' : . . . . before- .. tp.e,. s?-10 even thoue.;h · the sale has not· been · · . · .·. -;.; · ... · ·-::>. -•·, . ' . . · . -- .confirmed. q:':].,o oinbay High .Coμr.t he.s· agreed· wit th.is view,.anl, has' gone ft1}er -/ hoiaJ .. ng .that- even • • •• • •. ·.·:. I where the application-is made beforo.:the sale:ari ·· o:r;der tmder.-},b.is rule cannot be paoscd after th ... '· .. ,. . . . : . ,, . . sale has. beep, ,ll-:ild with the· conseq u.en:cc that rul'e , . • ... •J... . . . ... 63 wquld.11-9;:t :.apply when th~: application is Tejeoted. : l?Y. an :or~~;.passoq. attar :th sale had 'been hld. • • • ••:, , • . • • . • .. ,,I • • :.,e--Ma{3..-, .lfagp., Mysore 'a.p,d .1:1-i!J-ja' s than High " ' ,, ... ' " ' •. ;,, '". ~ ' Court~ dif'.f,e;r and. hold that an~·application is · .• •• ..: .. ,. •• • • • • '.. I j·,. ! .. ·<?ompote:i;it a:fe:t'. , the l)roperty has bcon sold and ........... :.· - before the. dQqreo is satisfied. -b.y full pa,ymerit of <, • ~ '• '. -: . ' 'the price The. d{fferenbe of Opinion 'has now been ' put to an 9114 by- the new claus~ (a) of •.the proviso . It 'J,:•: : ' ' " ., to: su"!->-:-rul.0.:(1), at page 1809 of Volumo,Il, 15th . :Eklition (196)· . __ ', ·.· · obJeotion shaitf:be ontortain.' ·•'lfuero•; -~~-tjo ti:{--claiin°i's pref~;;-;{c± or objection is-J&, the . .... .. ( . :,..,·. l property has alrad.y been soli:io 11 ' So E.Y -this 'legislative act, the ~ s.t.and of th~ ma~i ty of the''-Indian Hi.¢..1.,..QQ]Jrts prevaiiocl-,-as-:i-t--- h in acoord,rt11Iocio and fai:tnesso ·-" · · :;.-:--l ~ . All the ,sc!,l_i1t-?¥9.11 Jf ~no w-as -to adopt the stand of the minority ( that is the Jadras1 Nagpur-, ete High' courts) and apply it- to the undisputed faas i1~ ;tho matt<:Jr undr scrutin one wo1,lld, •_at[<l. of the day hold .. that: ;t 1 1e cur-:i;:ent applic_a,tion is inpompetent. · This :r s·:.:,i. ::-. ···-·:··1 . · \ .. · "· . , is bcause .· th~ de,qro!:) has. alr'eady been .. f-tlly. satisfied following tho ri:u1 p~ent, ~f \1;·0··.:~~iiase pri 7;0s. Thlbs is. evidenced by · . ;· -· ... :;,. ' . '. ·· ... :·-· . . ,; .. .-- .. ,, ,,, ,: , ... _, •• , ••. /9 . ··- .. C ·····- ... -~ ...... -~ . -~ .......... - ..... . (~~\ •• : ... : ·,. f <f (" • 1 . .. . . . -.:·, ..... ····· I J i I

9 ·Annexture I A I to the courter - affidavit of tl1e 2nd Respondent. There is no dispute on the :ft. - t!1.at -the exact aim of a..'1. atta.111!- hment in execution p:r-oceedings is to place the property in the custody of the executinG court so as to make it easily available for the realization of the decree. It is e:t,:;;.lly true to assert that the proceedings envisaged by rules 57 to 59 are meant to enable the objector or claimant to persuade the court to raise the attachment and release the attached. property and hand it back to him if he satisfies it that ]10 had some interest in it or was in:possession o:£' the same (but not in trust for the judgemont debtor). Once ifuc property attached is sold (and the decree satisfied) then the atta- chment lapses and the e:x:ocuting court no longer has any custody over it. In such a situation it will highly preposterous oven to i~agine- that the court can issue a release from attachment order under rule 59. The sale conducted prior to such an order being issu.od-,who.l.ly stultifies any effort to make a.ny claim or objections under rulos 57 - 59 of 0.21. Such ef:<>r',;s and any nvestigation 1 however wa:l intended it may be, to be carried out by the court will be inf'ructuous. It. 11 indeed only prove to be costly in terms of time and monoy to the.olaimant/objotor and ideed an unjustified waste of the

oqurt's time. The c.,-ood thing is that the gonuine claimant or objector ,. ,is. not lef't helpless or 1ri thout a remod.y at law. -·· l-i·-; s . ' · ioants or claimants/Objector Lin the: position of tho . .Applicants herein, have two rcr.1odios g a summary remedy under rules 57 to 58 or bringing a regular r:ittl t to establish their title over the attachod (ana./or sold) prperty. In tho instant case the summary reinocly is not available to thorn because it_ has alree,dy boon overtaken by events l (before they even filed this application). now-to-pursue . ther rights thrUf")J. tho second alternative romeg.y.;..;...by i@.Y.J).f.-a-,pegula.r suit e..gpl)oially now under rule 76. They are so advised. ··•· All said -and done, I uphold• Ojare's preliminary objections, ahd hold that this application is misconmeived and inoompotEmt.. It is accordingly struck out with costs. It is so ordered. Delivered in chancer a in the presence of Mr.Merinyo 1'fr the Applicants and Mr. Ojare for the Respondents this 4th day of June,99 at Arusha. /mm