Harubu Juma vs United Republic (High Court Criminal Appeal No. 52 of 1990) [1990] TZHC 95 (19 December 1990)

•.f ( . .. . !f/c 1-../ (j l{-,4;' y ;-0·. ~ tl, APPELLATE JUl1ISDICTIOH TIIGII COURT CRUilUAL APPEAL 1'~0 t 2,2, Ot:: ~ · (F.ron the ,ariJinal Critlinal Ca.so Hoe1303 of 1989 of tho .District Court of Ilc.b .. District at KiVUlconi) Before GoICA'l'O, Esq; Rodclcnt Ii.ictxa.to IIAUUDU' JUUA., • • • • •• • •• • • • • ~ • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •••••• • •• • • • .APPELLAHT · · · ( Oricrinnl /1.ecusod) vorsuo TI1E UHITED nEPODLIC ................. •• ••••••••••••••••• aEsPo1mENT . · ( Origi11al P.roeooutor) · JUDGI::IENT ' .. llAiWii rl•• Tho r,ppollnnt was onvicto,1. of the ottc1100 o:l 'Utll1atural offonoc contrti;ey to section 154( 1) of tho Pcno.l Coco 2.l,d scntcnood to four yca:rs' ir.11risonnont. I!o is r,ppoo..ling ocnins·t conviction• 'l".ll'Co arounq.s of appcol ,:,;co act out i11 tho r.1cuornndutl of a.ppoaJ..· · Thoy l'i:fa that tho cvidonco relied on 1-ms tJ.:::-;t cf ;:,., child of tcno.or yoare which WO.::! m1oorroboro.tcct and tho.t the lc .. nod lb.:;istrato did not warn · hiosclf of tho clmgcrs of relying on ovic.lc11co of n. child of tondor: yoa-rs. Lo.et 1•;; h..1.S bcon ged in tho pctition%1Jpcr.l 'Ghc.t tho trial Jviotrato relied on hoa:rsey ovidonoc. In his subniseion, 1'11•, R-1.1.tD.tina, lee.med oounsol holdir..c a briof for r.\ Soncru.a.wc loa:mcd. counsel for the· r:a_,r.,ollc'.11t, nrguoc1. that tho. ovidonoo relied 011 wus th .. --.t of tho conploinm1.t lrho wo-s on]¥ 12 years when lio c;c.vo ovidoncc. Ile subr:ti:litcd thc.t the aviclonco was not r;ivon . . on ol'.th l'..'lcl -'ch2..t tho Court did not hold n vo:.rc clil'o cs required by

• section 127 of tho Evi.do11co ii.ct nor did the l:b{istr .. to warn herself of tho d..inor..· of conviotinc on euoh 0vido1100 M rcquiroc1 by section 127• Inst.oatt, .Hr;. Rutngo.tino. conoludod, tho lco.rnctl H.,eistreto relied on hoa-f scy oviclonoo free the nether of. PlT2" In rop4"' to tho.t., Hr. ICru:1ba Loarnocl St,tc Attorney, said tha.t ho was· euppo:Min.G tho oonviction boo<.1.ueo the voi:ro c1irc WI..\S co11duotcd and th.."\t .il thoh tho court clitl no· wc.rn i tsclf of tho cl...1.1'.!or of oonviothlg .. on .such ovidonoa, there wn.s oonol)orative evic.lo11oa to be found in tho· PF 3.

In c:-, short roply, Mr:'/ Rittr'[;:.-..tinn sub1:1iJli'iicc".. Ji;hc..t tho i'F,.3 clid not sho,-t tho identity of tho offondor!:' . i) i\ftel' coinG through tho proo0oc1inco of t).:J lower coU:t't I have boon rl)lo to finc.l that tho chilc1 witJ.13ss· Vi12; who io sho1m to hr.vo boon 12 yanrt sinp'.ly ::itntod tl'l.D..t :ho know to sJGo;ti"l tl'l::, trt·d;h nnd th,t ·· .. he cannot lie boca.uso it :ls r. sin~ lfo co11cluaio:1 io recorded by tho trial MngisJ~r.to to show that ehc is sc.,tisfioc1 th<'.:'li t:.1CJ o:1ilcl WM poesossod of S'll.ffioiont intolliccnoo to jur.rtify tho rcco1)ti0:'.'.. of his ovidonce and

tllo:li the ohilc1 ilndorotood tho duty of spoolc:.ac -tho t1'1..1.tho Section 127(2)of tho tc.w of Evidonoo statoss Whore in rury C1'ininnl 08.'l.l.80 or J:11'..ttor ;:ind child of tender yocxs oclled t.s G- ui tnosc cloos not, in tho opinion of tho court, unclcrsJiin.ncl the nature of ~ or.th, his cvidonoo r.i~- bo rccoi ved, though not given upon oath or c'.£:i'irrJo.,tion, it in tho opit.ion . . . of the court, .!QJ2o rcc_orp.oc\ in ,tho _proceec1ings, ho is possessed f sufficient intolliconoo to justify' tho r-0coption of his ovidonoo I ro1c1. undarst::ind tho duty of spocldncr tho truth. ( tt.1dorl:ining supplied.) The 0bovo oi tad subsection clonrl3 shoi-Ts inJi;cr c.lia tha.t the opinion of the cour"i;; oust bo recorded in tho procaccfu1.Gs, In this ca.so thero was no reoorcling of tho opinion of -ho court on whet_,_ ::r tho, court found tlu\t ~ tho cJ.,..il(l i·rr:.s possessed of sufficient intollic;c:1C o to justify tho reception of hia eVicknco .:,nd. irh<'d:ihcr 110 unc.lcratood. tho (;.·.r·y of spooking tho trutbi,i• Thorofo:i:o e1Gotion 127( 2) of tb.o Evidonco .Act wc,3 not conplicd. with. It follows tha11 tha.t tho ovidonoo o-J: tl1c cl:.ilc1 cr.-;;:,.:r.o·b bo relied upon in on-iving at a conclusion• I:urthcrnoro, tho judr;oont doos not show :·:i: -/1oro that tho loarnod Me,gietrc.,tc wa:r-nod her self of. tho clcncor of .c·'.'.i.: .:; o tho evidence of tho ohild witnaos without cor:robor/i;ion 2.s roqui!'( d ;Jy av.'.beeotion (3) of sootion 127. Thorcforo ov'cn if• subaoction (2) .:;::-,.cl boon oonpliod with, tho conviction could not bo uphold duo to tl:c l'. Jll oonplinnco of su.beeo11. 0 n (3) of section 127ft · TJ.1.010 is 110 othor natoricl oviclonoo, 1x1 SL:pport af tho child ovidenoe, i0plior,ti11£; tho appollant. Ao riGhtly pointocl out 1)y ltr:r.. Rut3atina., tho PFe3 cloos ·not .tell tho identity of tho sodor.:.·or:, It Doroly shows that the oomplr.in['.11.t was sodonizod• Nor c1oos tho oviclm100 of tho oother of PW2 add aeyt~ na.terinl to the ovi,lonoo of PW2 so cs Jlio inplicato oooquate:J.y thG appollnnt.

i f ru.lowed... I therefore allow the <",p11ec'.1 1 quash the co1ni.c·~ion and set ide the sentence. IIowovor, since tho offence is 2, ve-.ry serious one d the conviction hae been quashed on teclmico,li-tics only :r am minded to orde:r a retrial. In Iisil'i Mwite.. s/o Kisil'i v; Ae.r~~t1).£ (1901) TLR 2H3 conviction wo..s qv.,::1,shed, due to or:-.isdon to concuc-t :-.. voire dire before c:q· 1

• :rctri~:J.: o~'r\ro'l swearing in the w.i.tnees of tender ycr-;-;rs, / I nold, tJ.1c:1.1 ovcnJ. in ·tho present oa.se it is in tho inforcst of justico -'.:).-at 0 ·rctri :.JG oxcl.eroda- r, conse- quently, orde:r ·th._ .. ,,;t the appcl121ri;_ be :r0-'w:iod 1Jefore :no·fuer nagieate o:f' competent jtll"isuiction. ... .... - .... .2;(~;;::-(.· •. l.!. I .i..-. ...... ~ \ JU1)GE 19/12/90 \ . Delivered. to appellant and Mrs,. SILAA fox RGpublic.