Willy s/o Kulanga vs Republic (HC Criminal Appeal No. 102 of 1990) [1990] TZHC 305 (27 October 1990)

.; 7 • ,"1,, AP.P:81.rL£1.,\ ~ '. ;JU{,ISDIC 1 no:T ....... ------· > •• ....................... _ .......... ,,.,#, •' r-rc· comm C ff r·,:.. ---. " 0 "JO 102 OF 1)90 :':·. _1-}-~~-t'······..£_/: . .:.J. __ l~ J":--l '. _. -:· _1"; ".'½.--!.. ..• -"", •.• ··---. - .,,.·: _ 0ri:;inq,1. cuiT'.,'.J. · GL:.co i.:o·. 598 of 19G9 . of t11c ·'.Di'stri~t Court of IrLy; Distrid 2.-t Irinr.-;ao : __ ::.' .r:""1i:!fi'01')·t;, I('A1j\r;'[1"' . 'c••c• 1'·,c:•r:oe-·1r1'1/'rrl i·. :,r'rc,11·,·.·, ''''1·'• • •• .- 1 ,.,__ .L.i.:.; 1\J. 1.1. ~ .. 11.7 .. 1,j•:.to -..:h_J J...J f.J. ,F.i~.1.-..l :_ . .:.."- .. l.1..' r·· '.:.rho· c.p::iol.lant, ·o-i-i.e WILLY s/o KULANGA, was joi;1tly .. cl.ir;;od boforo --lw :lower co1ift ,itli't'i-vo" oth accused porsons.·arid up:qn· 1rial wns convic·0ocl of the offence- of r6.b1)ory with -y~o.l11_ce c/s. 285 ,and 286 o:r'the Penal Coc1.e •. ·., He was thoa:;errtenced tci eight ye,c.rs. pf ir.1priso'nmo1:t, bu:i; no order· for coi11pe:i1Datio11 was made as mandatoril;;r required., by lw. Ui'lder the' it,3.:l. 1972 •.. . . .. ,. ; .. ,.· ·• 1 -·· ~ .• ... .-- Pro per-1; y i·i-L;.'. a total -alue· of-f'-s.'.c/r.9.QQ/;: is said to h::w0 been fftoLJ:.1 i:1 ,,1.· t'he process.: . . _,.;: _'.;,. · · 'l'his '-'~upeal 'is e 6 dnst convict i:m and sentonc'e princip.ally 011 tl1c groimc: -:1d tho· aj)pe::fiii .. rt had i10t 0001 aq.oquately identified 'b;y anr of· -lie .•·· .... prosecutio:(1 witnesses ci.nd that co;11Tj,c·io;1 :tJ,'18. foundd solely upon ovic~~;1co of J1s dOC.CCliised {he ·ori,;·ii1.:1,l 2:..id, Z\CCUScd, one 'li':,\LCfZI s/c. J'j_;f-iLl. ·t,- ' ·:·:·. Fo::c ··;il; :{~~iublic ;:ir? ... J-yabl;o, 10:U-::.1G"d t.ite :ittorncy, SU-i,portoc:. ·c .. 18 convictio;.1 on t·he gromrl thd r.;L0 co,1sidored· "ii'he. n:·:ipel_l<l.lTG had bce;;1.- aclcrill.':i'oly ' ' oric;i'nl 2Hd. accusedo She therefore Gub,,1i-tted tha;i; the cases of '.HZ~~1I IJi.J·7I · l': •'. . . ·v. 'R_A./7()\r-_·,o·-:) Ll)T.· 250 ,,,.,,,.:i th·'· Qi' ·-·-r,•,-1-1 n·,1·r ·''l-,,; ,:r.:;,·{,··)o 20 P'C''' 16l)/ 'c1'·'·,jd •• "✓ l cw.JU,· c:,-1,;- ·.,,; '.''...!.U-l,>. 0 1Jl'L!.~ :•) lio ,•,.:icH'·, J...J;i .ti• T l,1,, by the .:a1')p0Hant 'l'l8re, all in_ ·favo_ur of prosecution case' 2..1rl -Lhcrc:(oru ;10t . -.i: . " . . . at all helpful to the 2,pplla.l po t;,:.d °thG a;ipon,i "'should be dismiscocl cxcut for and .:·.-. the so11lici1c_e 1-Jhich she areti-d ·co have .. been ,,. . 1· r:.1:, .J.t·'- '.·}:S_ .. ·Gae:ccfo:;.'e- prayed ti.1at the minir,mo prescribed torr.1 . . ,· :. , .. , ·bolou the presc_ri 1?8<1 r.1inir,nm of inipriso11.r11lmt. s.'.10uld ! . be irhp'os'ocl •.. .!,_..:. ;1.ccording to the facts ·9-P 'c:;-l.d1,i.ced· before ·b;o: lower court loadin;_:; to ! ..,. . . -· .. the iclorrtfication' 0 tho_ appell,.ff:;; H in.s t·l1e evidence' of the. com:'.">1n.i:.:;.rc tho P. W. 1, · one :FIIBD _·K_liSSi}P, ... t,10;i; -.Q,t-·. ::1idni-ght b'i'. 8/12/1)89,. pmd.its bro:o· . . . ... -.- .. ' ,., .. ,. •, ,· . , into his hou,se wi1iie ·a hμrz:icanq lo._r.ip~was:·.,on-.' · As he got up ho. w,~s c.:llo ·co identify bcrU.1 tfi.e 'appellant who stoocl ooforo the lower court as t;10 or:;i::o,l 3rd ncc1..IBou, togctllor with one ;J : ... Ln.

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• -- -----~ ,..-:·. -3:· == 2 = ;,- :· These -c1.ro_ )arsons· ho wa.s nblci -o recozi1izc> a.½a. knew them by f;-;.ce and rospec<;ivo. names The other per-soh ·whom he wn.s ablo to recognize well wD.G tho ,or:i.;-Li.::1 2nd, accused whom H.·.1,inn llis f:i,rst time to come a cross. ':i. 1 :ic:re wn.s 110 c'..ispute th3."G tho compln.i,'-'-'-:tyt,,nd_ tho 6rigii1nl 3rd nccuscd - -l;ho 2..,10-- lln.11t ,;-tore onr-lior ··quite, fcmilia:c -to -~o,ch. oth<?r• . l:1 .fact 7 L.1 Hs dcfo:1co the a;y.1ello..r::t claimed to. D.G.VO GVOn bc:Jei1.' i:,rlobtod to' the cornul,:,.inb.:1t in ·cl10 - .• ' : ':,. .. . . . ... ' . sum of o),is.i666'o/:;: he had bo!,'roued. f;om hir1. It wo.s further tho ovid,;lCO of both t;;1e 1.:.r.1, the ?~~:! .• 2,. 0110· J?/,J.,:.3'i1Im s/o K.:iSSLiN. 2.,ild the Po'.1.3, OHG LAU11I:~H ADf'J.! HTnrnr, t]mt when tho o:ci::inc,,l 2nd accused hc..d boon ar:-.cs·ted nt t lJ.e spot, ·, :r- on being _interroic).tecl 10. r;1ention0d, ,O)Tloi1e otl1er j)E:rson, ;-;;110 .• : 'i' ,· appella:1.'11 o.s. one of the pc.,rsons he had bee'h-iith durL· such robbery. : ·•• •· . r· .- . -gun-,n.ril.·:)c,,,1({;,i 1,ie·r said tq havo 'boon corriod-by tho robbers, the.twc of .. who:rn uGoh;,;,ai' with the l?tolon oods. '.Pho':or:i.ginal 2nd- ac9used escapee'. o,f-i;0r tlc cloGo 6i the· prosecu'con · ce,se. · :;e was,· however_, also. convicted 2,;.1Cl s.en-'conoed ~~o' eight_ yo2,rs · jcil in c-bso;.it'io./ ·'
• '' . t . -, ' . · · ' ! d n J.i.L -_1c 01rcu.ms c.ncos, muc}1 -c.o : .... us court ar,prec.10·\i.E;S t t: neo ror proper . ,, . ' ', .,;·,' ~ . identification of a.11 nccuscd norso1i oo.f'oi": i1 convictiori can be fotti1dod on • •• • ••. J. • . . : ·, such g'ro·w.ia--'i' .find my_s9lf. :fμlly Sffbisfi"ea:'· t'hnt the c,;:->;)8.ll_o..nt ,;,tc.s ir.. t;:1is • . •I• • • • ••• case- ,lec 1 li.1,tel:r idonti;fied_ 2,,8 9:10 · of th.c,?b.:indits wh ip.ve(,l_. the, :hoi:10 of -:.10 P •. 1.1·&,.c:. robd him_nt cm1 po:it1.t. I~~ EiatiJiod ·i;hat the presence of c-, hurri·cc:-10 le.mp thd wn.s on at the tir,10 the bandi-cs- Cl}.-terud the cor.TpJ,dnnnt 's hotc c~:nipled 't'..rith the fr.ct thd Y,.:,o complG.iri.c1nt· .'.7.i1d tho nppollo.nt wq:-.,c c;·u.i::3 famiiinr :f.'.'..COS providod',quit f:WOl~.:1-,)lE.: condi'tio:ns'for 'i;;:c proper iclu1:ci--- . . ... •·. .·, . . .1. . ... : .. fictio· 1 ·-of thi., ;-ipnoii-uit 1:1.1'10 ✓ ..:1c-·· -:-:--t t 1 1e ori,,.-i·- --1 2nd ,.,ccused is '"'-ic1 , "'.' .•• ~~l .· -,< C., 0 •. - .- ~ .,:- , .>...- u Ode., s :,--'-'•·••· Y, ., ,,,, 0 <.., • -- to .110:ilO q,l::,.o -mntion&d tho C:..Irpd.l,,;,r:; e.:s -Ol1Q;'of tho porsons he ho.cl. ooon 1-r-:c:_ --- urL.,e -cl1e ro:J'oory in tl10 P.F.l ts liouso,.-c,s tosfificd':upon by both tl10 ;'.:.1 7 .w.2, (:J.1.cl. /.·:.3,. goes· to· fortify :110 crodtbility of tlio P.-f.l ii.1 ht~ _pJ.o.ir,1 to hr-:v(;J .:1lso seen tho D.ppollo..1-i·G o.s o:1e of th~ bandits who brok~ ini;o l1is i house m1,cl ro bbcd 1irn wiii10 a_rec1 _ '.·rHh a gU11 aiid. pn,11go..s·/ '.PlEts Hhilo I highiy· approcio:cc the o..ppelJ.o.nt 1 s spirit of learnhi& and L1il1:i.r.::trr by citing the co.sos of -:i~~.co:μrt c..nd fi:;om -t°ho I'.:o,st JlfricniT . ':. .. Court o,f . . ippod _011 the issue of identificatioi-1 and the iieed to -:lmvu ·che confeosio1 of· a co-accused corro l;,ord;cd by ru\ indopondc11t· evidonc(,} v:s. . ' .. . . :'· ~ conteadocl i:.;.\·hia·oamo of appeal, I qo :10Jy COi.1S:tder th0t· n.ny-thcm can .\1ely . . -l ' -. ' • r~scuo lriD f1"ori1 'conviction of tho offo;:1ce::hcistood chq,rJed 1'.7ith. I acc.otXlil1c;ly.·up:1old tho lower co1..1.rt ts convictio11 of tho appeparrt;. . ' . . ....

--.. --, 1111111111A. .. ft t ...,, .., ·- J = -\ lfow turning to tho qucstioi1 of ser2t,mcG 1 it is notod thd tho offcmco wn.s conmHted on 8L~.?..L!.?J!.2,, and t~.10 [l,l)l)elln.nt w-a.s co,ivicted e,ml s,:mtencod to ci 6lrc yeci,rs jail on l7.L1.il.2.9.0.• Yet ·i;10 · minimum sentenco for t]10 offence of rob1,ery n.s e.::i.rlier provided for under the l1.S .. A. 1972 w2.,s amended by tho 1-i:isc. l.mend1;1onts 1\c·i; No,10 of 1989. r.rhe Act came into fo1"ce on 9}.5./.§'1.. the, clay it wc..s publis:.:oc:t in the official Gazette No.21 Vol. 70 of 26/5/89. Under -·-2.(§.l.J of tl10_ II.S.i. 1972 o,s so CJ!lc11tlod, the minimum term of imprisonment for armed robber3, 1 ['.,::; was t]1c case in t:10 instant co,se; is tl1irty yeo..rs. 1: .. ccordi;:i.gly, the sentence of oic;lrt yea.rs iraposed h\· the lower court upon the ff,1:;_,0J.l_c.:,1t is hereby set nsiclo c.acl substituted with one of !_l~~~ yon.rs of irnprinoirnen:t. Lil:::0wise; in exercise of t >.is cou.,..._.,.t 's revisionG-1 powers ·i;ho s0:xco;.1cG of cici.ti; 3reG.rs jail impos0d upon t>e ori3in.:1J. 2nd .:,,ccused, one Fi-J..OZI s/c 1:-.0.:i.LJ who is 2:i; large is hereby set asico a.nd substituted with one of ·i;lrirty yeo.rs of ir.1priso:..ment. .'.s poi::itcd out earlier, tJ,.e lower court omitted to make the mc11dc:i;o17 order for c9mponsation for tho s-colen property that wc..s not recovered br tho complainw.rl;, as providGd. for u,1der _i.• •. 7..Ll) of the H.S.:1. 1972. 1:..ccorc1.ingly 1 in exercise of ·L1is court's rev·isionc':.l powers c1s c1,lso empowered 1-mder subs.(2) of s.7 of t:10 M.S.ii.. 1972 1 it is hereby orclu:ced ... ----- . that t:.ie_ n-1,,::;0lln.n-t L1,..'1.d his co-c,ccus..:xl, the orii~'ino.l 2nd 2-ecused, who is at larcc, $hall compensate .th0 co1.i~)J.2.i11c,nt 1 jointly ffi1d severr;Jly the sum of ohs.67 .1000.L=: boin,z the mo:;_ie:r worth of tho stolon proper-li;l tl1c,t ho.s not 1Jco:..1 · 1·e covered• Delivered in chambers this 27-h day of October 1990 1 i:;1 the presc:nco of ]','.Ir. ifaali o.nd I'1xs, ]3yabo:to l8arned Stc1tc ltttorney. ~ A"':'~~ ... t,7

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