Paskal s/o Ndoleye and Another vs The United Republic (HC Criminal Appeal No. 116 of 1990) [1990] TZHC 304 (26 October 1990)

\ ti!· .,Ii;. .· .........:.---------- ... "--- .. ,f .... --·- lll'PTII..J.JATE JURISDICTI01T ·HIGR COURT CRJJIDfl..L ...& HO. 116 OF t9(). (Cf) Cr. ApDcaJ. Noo 119/90 (OriGil'lal C:rimiluw. Caso No. 4 of 1989 of tho Distict Court of lTgc::ra :pist.rict at lifga;ra J3cforot DH• L'l'.n(JJ:JDO :maq. Senior J)ist:dct ]lae;it'rli:cato) 1 •. :t> ASIC..\L st o NDOLEYE · l · ?• li4.IS.4.GO S/0 l?ZORUS®.TGA. • • •• • ••• e• '" 0 •• • • • • • • • • • • •• • •• ••• . lil'J?TIJLIJ.11::iTS rrrrm tIITl!l!lllD l?E'J?tJBLIC - ......................... _ ............ ., ••• · ••.•••. RESPoJIDniJT JUDGM!Ili'lT .... --- Tho h0aring- of those two appccls waa oc,11solid..tod. Tho f:irst, - Pp.skrJ: aLg, lrdo1:o 4 "0, al'ld. tho sooond a:prollru:rb, £1isago s/o Hzorush:iJ.tG.e,- .e;.'ld. another 1)01son who was n.oquittod, ;cob sLo R'4£1,totoY9., wore jointly __ ,----e.ignod o.t the d.istrlct court .. o£ Ngn:i.•c, a,s t.10 thir(; f and .[,O_c_on,'1; --- · aoot.\SOd.a rosl,'.)Gotivoly, 01 o, o21DXG'O of· C§j;t}-,c t1J.o:t:':. c/s 268 of tho Peiuu. Cod..o, Upon being ,on,victoo. M charged., the fii•Ert and second app0lla.nts wore oa.oh so11t onccc. to five ;toa:rs imprisonnont. They fol t ag(;TiOVCd by ____ _: _________ ........ - ... -b-otl:1.- t110 conviction and the sontonco, and 201100 those e,:pl)oals which WC:t'O arG1U,od boforo no bt tho loi;i.rnod at ate c.tto1"l.1e;;,· for tl10 respondent RCpublio, M:r. l1°'l·roI.1b63olo, who e'!Jl)porlod tho convict ion - tho second a.ppallan-b, but. dooljJtOd to- BUPIX?rl i;llo 001'l.Viotion 0£ tao !kEJJ •. arJ?ollent, in tho a11sonoo of both a1;l,')ollc,nts1 who hac;t· CXJ.)rossod a wia11 not to attend tho hoaI' of tho~ aripoola. 'l'h3 n._9.tcri~ facts otablishcd i11 ovidonco wore tha.t in tho t1onliI1G _. ... ct iA11tgn1:.., 1o;th.19S2, · Donald Do.niol (Pf-T1). of llukaroho Village in T / . ... . / district f oimd his· 1hro0 hco..d of cattle - o 1nul and two oovm - oissing .,,,,-.-- fron t:.1oir kraal. l;J1cy pttt'su.09- the oninnls hoof'-marks which got lost D.t l{.aJ.incro. rulacro, and tho naict a.a.y, 11-1-89, 1"'('11 and his neighbour PlT2, a.nol'lG otor porsonr,, dooidod to go to M-t-rishi.neo area in Burundi whoro there ·wt1,s oattle na.rkot. At the ca.ttlo auction they found the second 0.1,:c,ollo.nt selling iho t11:t'cc wio.als to ::, 00:'--.ta.i.11 Durt'tl1di businessman. Tho 19O0ond Q.3)11ollant w,s with tJ.1e second accused. Th0 second appellant told. tl:.or.1 tho.t ho ho.cl )ousht tho throe h6n.d of _co.ttlo fron .ho . .first--eypcrllant"---- - . ·- . for al1.p. So,..ooo/ .. that vor __ c1ey,. and ho lmd M.rod tho second acct.\Sod for . . . . . . ' ..... Jill.a.~,;,;·· to 'oi3sist h:ir.1 drive tho aninals to tho· B'UI'undi Mwishingo cattle ,,,.,,,,,,..,,1/, ........... - \ .

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• ~~- ... 2 - a,-thOJJ..rTIy-·vrox.o-both--n:r:ro__Rul.ongo.-P.olico · .. ,, .. ~gcthor with tho anir:icls.o T: 0 .cJ soconcl- o,}_),,ollo,nt c.nd.• tho soconcl
• ' - o.cousod ropcatocrt2lo--eene-.L-at .their ..:t, .. ; oJ 1 .Jillcroas -tho first appellant doniod ·to havo solcl tho cattle to the scconc1 2.nnolla...rit 0 , --w . I would rosr,,cotfully nc.,Toc with bot:.1 t>.o trial· court and Mro Hwanbcgolo . .--·-:b.io.:tion-of t!10 scocnd a,ppcllo..1.1t _w..o--:porfoctly justified on t10 .. , ··•·--" . "' ' ' ·· ovidcnco o.nd :In tb.o -eiD:>-un.stanoos. Ho ·wi1,s foimcl in possession of the t!u-oo 110£!.dc of oa.ttlo, which WOl."O auf'fioiontly iclontifiod to belong to PW1, only ono c1a::r t1..ftor thoi.'t' th.oft, a.ncl his OXJ;lmmtion t1at ho h.'1..d bought then fron tho f:lrst e,l'polJ..a.nt.,-which wn.s ctoniod. lJy tho first o.p1?01lc1.11t, coulc1 not, in ste.noos, he.vo (!ivan l"ioo to c.ny rcC'..sono.blo doubt 2.s to hia Q.tllt - · · I t\1'.1 so:t-isfiod., one. horby f:i.ncl0•hot . ...tb.o--poconc1 c1mcllant _ Jyns.y __ ' . oonviotod on tho dootril.1.0 o:f' rooont 1,ossossion. :C wo'Uld, lto1rovcr, C!,(Sa:i.n rospootfttlly a.._:-;rco 1-rith Mrr: NtTC,r:iboe-olo ;!l' , . .f:trst l'.LD -su_pporloa:--by oviclonco.·-.. ____ ... Tho 1-iholo of tho prosoct!tion' s cc.so a[;cdnot hia :rested on t!1.0 cvidonoo .. ~ . . ---... of tho aooond appclla.nt t'..l:1c1 tho scconcl o,cc1.10cc1, 11ho wc1"0 oloc:rly 2,oconplicoo, '- ,, -4,..,,. e.ncl.-iiho t:ttiol to. failed to direct hirn:rnlf' thnt they wore n.ccoJ:ll)licos . ' ',,, o.nd tl-,,t it would be dnncroroua···to convict on their ovirlmco w:i.tho-u:l; C)O:t'!t'Obora:tion. It io a, C'Ol'lOl"til ;iuJ.o of pro,etioo founr1cc1. upon pruclonco t:J.D.t it :ts t.i:noa.fo to convict an a,ootwoc1 upon t1c ovirionco- of an cccomplico w.:Lthoi 0Ol"'J."oboro,tion. The lmr on t:.'.o suJJjoct, if' I ne.y so.y ::m 1 i~ o.uthor5.to.;tivoly dorJ.t wit1:. in tho Court of AJ?J?C0-1 :for :Jo.st .i:'.:frioa, ca.so .. of .; ,:r u ii,. j i V ~ 1 i · roo;,:t ,:,cl_ 1 " 1 \ , It · ..i.l "''av, J)iO:t\tir p, 1 "':t W .. l ch J.O: ... · :m .. •97 , .J,GJ) no 44.Q• is only in oxoo:i.,tionel ot'.cos in lr!1ich El, dopm"·la:o."o froo tho conora.l J:l:co..cticc to uot,:i:f!0d1 r:t1110 lato D:i.ron, J, sc,..id iJ;-i 11Ulingn, v, Ro (1970) HCD 305,J ~ 11 .Al:bhough it is not a, rtiJ.o of l,:,,w, but • I only ono cf l)l"Mtioo iilui,t tho ov:i(lcnoo · o'l (LU.-- ~~s--c-orroborm ion, it io o, vor'( sn.lulio.t"J :rt:u.o, nncl it is onl.:r in o/o oti,;,os t!1q,t a, oo'l.ll"t p- -on oi:to:'.i tu1co~a,t-0e1 / o,1' --------- . :r-1 ,."'./ It lrill bo nptoc;'!, in t.iio 00,so thl;'.,t clthouch t!10 cniclonco of tho . ~/ { ' .. _.--r.,/ oooo,:,.d o.,ootiaoct soo·~~t et'tj)poi--ts i;!-,,4,!'l,t of t;1c sJconc1 cppcllo.nt 1 it is vroll
• I • 0tblisl1.0c\ tlurb whCffo the ovi,lonco of ti, 1-dtncss requires corroborn-tion, /, ,,,/ Ui.c ovi(l.onco of o.no{1.1or witness which iti:;olf' roquiro_s coITobor2.tion cot / 0Q · · · -In..-t1.tls ,.co.s.o01 .. o, there u2,s no other .. / / ' : .. - '/ , / ~ /. '! / / I' _,,,,,, . , I , I , , / ,... , , I • "o•••&oo • o/3. t ,,. :.

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• 3 ... .cvo1'L!.c~'l'b ovi4,cmo, on r1 r.?A'borfo,l i,g.rticn.i.1 .link:ine;•·thc_ first e,ppcllt1Jlt. ,rd,tb 1ho frmpo Mc"., w tho oirouoc.ncos of t!1is 00,00, I an diapoaocl to-------- ;J~ t;~-b lu:,A tho t:del ~c;iotrc,to dirootoc'I. 1iosolf on t!lo clane,"6:r of . OOffl0#..\1(J m) \1100rl'¢'b0%'C,,toc1 C.OOOf.ll?lioo ov:idonoo, ho ~roull!. not havo convicted '61\0 ~ ~1"~~~. m l ,~i,1, lfr tiio ¢vonf, fo:r tlio: roci,oon'ij l, he,vo- C'ivonJ' t.!ic• ~npocl b.y tJ10. .second ~9j,1 W:a1p40,.efpa tr101"1.'!.- iis,-4 Jt _io hoby-aisoissod:. :in its·
• • • ·,. , -.t..J f. I , • •n~~~~• 11.owovc;, 1 tho o,'Ji.QC'l b.f tho fh-at aJ)lJCllant l'r,ako.li alo ·1rdolo~~ U .l.QW'04,- 1ii,s eonvio·U. is •¢Wlshcd, ri.nc1. his sontonoo ic sot o.siclo, · nnd ·. j,'t if h=,,Ql,f clo:re,a, tl1r.,t !to ra!ul.d. bo sot at liberty fort·hiith mloss otbOMao ia,wt1,(l,iy- l101a.. , ,..;..;;.:;;;:::-.· : : :-...... ~ -· ~ ... - .. -:-,.._ " l · / . . ~ ., / ,} -------- .,. ', .... ·'r ,,,.. 1'-· lt,8 ... - ?,} I ...,....,._ .. ~ . ••: ll~~f ""'ibc'fll' ' 10L'ltl D. P. MOSDI JUDOT.J "11 ~ ~ . JJ•r:t», ..,,,,., 1, • • ' ·. · .. · · fl'I .. 11ft,,, .... /" "'rt i ibacmtb ,. . ,.,,. ,.,,,. ,'(•,,..,.,,. " I ""·v.:•¥-• ' ' ...... ,. • ..., ' ,·,. . ,r,-,0014- no;,. ~ t-fi'. ~~~1,010cro - v__,...., . ·-.,·."---:---::::.--~~-( ___..,..., .. , .. ~ ,.,,, ..... ,..,. ' ,,,· /.A>' , . .>· . ,·· .. - .,,.,.···JI"'' . .,,.,,.,,,,., ----·-· . ,,.-- -· ,,,.,· ... , ............ ., , - ., --- ' ' ----·· _,.,. .,·· ____ ,. -- ... - .,, . ...., / _,,,,.,------· .t