William A. vs Republic (HC Criminal Appeal No 141 of 1990) [1990] TZHC 199 (16 October 1990)

,. ' :JT T.TJ IIICG crn.r:.T OF T~':.J:I3...:JIT.: .. I I .L:J>EJL,:.m .T:rcJ)::cTIO~~ :7•, ... ' ,ri:-r ~ . .1 ..... .l.l,. COID.T .c:.?.:C.D::.:,:L -.PP:JJ.Ji no. 141 OF 1990 o:: IGTIT.:.:;:, CJ.JJ:i:-'L O."S:J no. 21 OF 1989 1)" T~:J D:I::: 1.r·.:,:c;r_;i ::o·:,:··.T W' iv;:,S!SI DIST;1ICT I TIID :I?G':3LIC. •a•• e O • o O •. o O e O .R~srm ):li'TT

• •· ....... J1XDCEii:TT ....,.. ..... - i~,_l,• The a.ppaJ.J.01t, 1'iiL:i.aL1 ,:.ceci.:i., ,rc,o corrvicted by the c; ist...'i"iot court at Maaa.s~,. f' b1"02,~ .nc; into o. build.il,.3 n'li.l stealing. IIo was· :.entonccd to seven yoo.."C's 1,tprisQru1ont.- He :.s ap1,ocJ.i1:.c; i:.'...·.:·.L•.st tl:o convicticn r.nc1. se11tcnce. 'Iha evidence f-01" '';he proGoci.::.t:.611 u;:.-B ~:i::i.ici'ly tll2.t a J,:dmr::,y school a.t 1Tamlrun.oov.l. vil.l.a,ec wc,s 1.11?oko:n into, 2.nd 0:10 b2,g of maize wcs stolon f:rom tho r:rt;o::;>o• Ji. soaJ:•ch pt,zty cons;.Lstin:. o2 Z(:wol tee.,.'. ,3rs o.nd v:1 Hoo:;.s followed a. footpath on which iiW,izc ':c:.d d:-..'o)::ct cJ.J. t:10 1-:s:J f:rom tho sc:1001 up to the appellant 1 1' ·h.ouoo. Tho llouso w2vs rJcci..:.':'.od in tho· pi-csonco oi' tl1c ap)?Gllant, and n bag •f w,izo was found. ~-as:i.c}.o ·r 1 .c '.10uso; Tho to&cho:rs · :'.clcnti:f'ied the be,cr et ~o fl"'Om the fa.ct tlw,t -:i:i:..c:.'o u•,E'O J:)iocos of ohaU: w::,ich -~he toachors had put side the :).;g and mi:-J:cd it i!i t:,. t:10 maize. Tho 0..ppcJ.:; r-nt cl lo god ~ that tho ln,g of n1<.,j.zo found in hin honr.:o belonged to him, ani ".i:.::.ht tho p:toees • ! • Qf chaJ.k were put in tl10· bv.,:; by t::.o to.-1100:;-;•s while they wo-ro in -c::w appolla.nt•s 1., u.sc. I ~ trial W-GistJ~£;to boliOirod ·Lo :.1:::osocu.tion ui tncssos a.no. l.'cjcctcd ~ d.ofonoo. Tho o,p1,cllru1t· stc,tcs i1t ·t:10 noroo:ra'l.d.um of appoo.1 thc..t dnco 110 polioe officer visi tad tllo sccnn, tho:::o ·:i.· .. G ;,10 o,ridoncc which ostablisho-1 breaking; --·-.,-•-· llo should roalizo, however, that t:10 cn--:i..clonco that tho school uas broken into waa established li~~ tl10 prosecution 1rit;.100:::os uh.o testified. Those uorc tho; •chool tor,chors, p1·r.1 .f.JJlOS /J.bo:i:t, r>::-.2 Ht.1ssa Chitambo Md 7tf.3 Ali'.Chipanda. T'.i.1.osd witnesses said thc.t t103r fo1.u1e: ·c~~0 loc!t on tho door ,ms r.ti.ssi1g ·nllon thoy ~J.)O:i:itod for work on tho mo:r·nillG of 11 ,Tt'!.i:10, 1909. Tho dOOj;' ;.12.d i)MJl broken, mu }ho lock 11T',S l'Omovod. The t::ic-.1 nc,:.ist1•ri.tc boliovod thc:-,t evidence* I£ o J?Q:U officer 'lront to tho scone, ·f.).c;!; c"...oos not mo8..n that thc:-o ims ~10 'breaking. I I I l I I I

ThQ ovidonco p:i:'Ovocl !)(:Yond :rocso:-:.r.;J.c C:.01.:jt t.12,t the bu.il wr,s b:rokon into, and thc:;;-o 1ras cl.so t:,.oft of· one )FG of r:.;,:.i.:30 f: m tho store lrb.oao doo,:- we.a '!Jj:'Okcn. 'J.r,10;.c ·we:.s no rJ.or{,t 111'.D,tsocvor -c'.::.:·t ·v .. :,·: ': :; o1 mn.izo found ill t:10 appolla.nt•s houso ,-rc.s tho one 1::.,J ch 'iir s stolon :.:::on ·0:1_._j sc:. 1 .ooL J;Iaizo !1. dl->oj_ipcd on tho 1m;;- fz-oni tho schoo]. ;o tho q_:i:08J.: 1 .. m1t 1 s :101.'.so. li'urt\01"tnoro, the ,·ii•t16ssos fourtd obalk mixod w1tl1. t>.c rnldm L1 tL· .;::. T::.c:-:o Has o·rid.oncc thc,t tl:.o tor.ohors hacl put fa,;1 pioocm of c.l.1.2.J.y'. L,. oJ.:'.. t: -- '. :--;:,o of m21-i:,c ,:)olonginc to tho. school. T'Jlo u.pl)Ollv.nt 's al,](; , ·.tio:.1 t>c.t t: .,:. ·i;.: - ::;: .o:. c :.:o.d cv..,i.'.-: ioc~. cllo.lk to 115. s houso, c.ncl t:1cy :put t'.20 u: .cJ.): 5.tl ·i/,.() hcc o:':' : ;j_: iO fol.·:j_1cJ. 2,t t ,c c..:p::;iollo.li.t 's house, wa.a . :i:-ojoctod a.s tho::-'- ur,G no :..oi:".son fo:-: ·i;;_lo tx,c,.c:,:-s to de , t::..c:-,t. Lil:c tho trial mr,.::;ist:cato, I tind -t:1.c.t t;:10 br,.e of nv:.i~;o ·m:,s mi.fficion :':..y idcnti:c'iod o.a that wxl.ch wr..s stolon f~;or11 t:.o :school. T..,o coot::-L10 of :i:-cc:.1.t possoss:i.oi.1 wes p1'0l,)Oj;'ly invoked., 2.0 t:!.:: i:ltizo s;ruJ ;Zo:;.1cl ].:1 -;;: o :c,p1)oll 11t • s house 2. fo·w bours ' on:t;/ a.ftor the ·t11oft. T::o c,1y,clJ.[;.;.1t ~~- ;:; ::;i:..'o:;_:>orl;/ corr-.r: ;ctod of t:,.o off <moo M'l'i·T.!:,.i;l.ti. 16th Ootobot 1990 Mr. JJ;roxa, Stt-,to l.1.ttoj'.'11oy, fo:.: tl::.o J.,:;1mblic l..ppolJ.,nt a1)sont. I m2.nifostl::. oxoossivo as to wci-:re.nt ,; ?{ \ .,